Lecture on Blood Circulatory System

Introduction

• Focus on understanding the flow of blood and the labeling of parts within the heart.
• 13 parts (labelings) to remember.

Heart Structure

Four Chambers of the Heart

• Right Atrium
• Left Atrium
• Right Ventricle
• Left Ventricle
  • The heart's layout in diagrams appears opposite (to the real left/right).

Four Valves

• Bicuspid Valve
• Tricuspid Valve
• Semilunar Valve (Located at the top)
  • Tricuspid on the right side (easy to remember: "Tri-right")
  • Bicuspid on the left side

Four Blood Vessels

• Aorta
• Pulmonary Artery (to lungs)
• Pulmonary Vein (from lungs)
• Vena Cava (superior and inferior)
  • Vena Cava is on the right side.

Septum

• Wall separating left and right sides of the heart.

Blood Flow Through the Heart

Oxygenated Blood Flow

1. Pulmonary Vein brings oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
2. Left Atrium contracts, pushing blood to the Left Ventricle through the Bicuspid Valve.
   • Valve prevents backflow.
3. Left Ventricle contracts, pushing blood to the Aorta through the Semilunar Valve.
   • Aorta distributes blood to the body.

Deoxygenated Blood Flow

1. Vena Cava brings deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart.
2. Right Atrium contracts, pushing blood to the Right Ventricle through the Tricuspid Valve.
3. Right Ventricle contracts, pushing blood to the Pulmonary Artery through the Semilunar Valve.
   • Pulmonary Artery carries blood to the lungs for gas exchange.

Double Blood Circulatory System

• Systemic Circulation: Blood from the heart to the body and back.
• Pulmonary Circulation: Blood from the heart to the lungs and back.

Key Functions

• Transport of Oxygen: Aorta to the body; veins bring back deoxygenated blood.
• Exchange Processes: Carbon dioxide is exchanged in the lungs for oxygen.

Practice and Review

• Labeling exercises and understanding the directional flow of blood.
• Systemic vs Pulmonary circulation labeling.
• Practice exercises available for download.

Conclusion

• Understanding how blood circulates through the heart is crucial.
• Familiarize yourself with how oxygenated and deoxygenated blood flow through the body.
• Practice labeling and flow sequences to master the content.