Jeremy’s IT Lab - CCNA Dynamic Routing Protocols: RIP and EIGRP Lecture

Introduction

• The lecture is part of a free complete course for CCNA certification.
• Covers RIP and EIGRP, which are not on the exam topics list but may appear on the exam.
• Emphasizes the importance of understanding RIP and EIGRP despite their absence from the official list.

RIP (Routing Information Protocol)

• Industry standard, not Cisco proprietary.
• Type: Distance vector interior gateway protocol.
• Metric: Uses hop count (1 hop per router, regardless of bandwidth).
• Maximum hops: 15 (routes with more are considered unreachable).
• Versions:
  • RIP v1:
    • Advertises classful addresses only.
    • Does not support VLSM or CIDR.
    • Broadcasts messages to 255.255.255.255.
  • RIP v2:
    • Supports VLSM and CIDR, includes subnet mask in advertisements.
    • Multicasts messages to 224.0.0.9.

Basic Configuration

• Enter RIP configuration mode: ROUTER RIP.
• Configure for version 2: VERSION 2.
• Disable auto-summary: NO AUTO-SUMMARY.
• Use NETWORK command to activate RIP on interfaces.
• Passive interfaces prevent unnecessary RIP advertisements.

Default Route Advertisement

• Use DEFAULT-INFORMATION ORIGINATE to advertise default route.

Load Balancing

• By default, RIP load-balances over up to 4 equal-cost paths.
• Adjust with MAXIMUM-PATHS command.

EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)

• Initially Cisco proprietary, now open to other vendors.
• Type: Advanced distance vector/hybrid protocol.
• Advantages over RIP: Faster response to network changes, no hop-count limit, supports large networks.
• Unique Feature: Unequal-cost load balancing.
• Uses: Multicast address 224.0.0.10.

Basic Configuration

• Enter EIGRP configuration mode: ROUTER EIGRP [AS number].
• Disable auto-summary (if enabled).
• Use NETWORK command with optional wildcard masks to activate EIGRP.
• Passive interfaces prevent unnecessary advertisements.

Wildcard Masks

• Wildcard masks are "inverted" subnet masks used in the NETWORK command.
• 0 in wildcard means bits must match, 1 means they don't have to.

EIGRP Router ID

• Determined by:
  • Manual configuration.
  • Highest IP on a loopback interface.
  • Highest IP on a physical interface if no loopbacks.

Load Balancing

• Default is ECMP over 4 paths.
• Can configure unequal-cost load balancing.

Show Commands

• SHOW IP PROTOCOLS provides configuration and operational details.

Practice Questions and Bonus

• Quizzes and bonus questions from Boson ExSim to reinforce learning.

Conclusion

• Emphasized the importance of RIP and EIGRP knowledge.
• Preparation for learning OSPF in upcoming lessons.
• Encouraged use of supplementary materials like flashcards and lab exercises.

Additional Notes

• Features and differences between RIP and EIGRP are critical for the CCNA exam.
• Topics like multicast, load balancing, and router IDs are also relevant for deeper understanding.
• Practice with lab environments to reinforce theoretical knowledge.