Overview
This lecture provides an introduction to 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World, covering its definition, importance, major historical periods, and the role of literature in Filipino culture and identity.
Introduction to 21st Century Literature
- 21st Century Literature involves studying stories of people, focusing on Philippine and global perspectives.
- Understanding literature helps us learn about a country's people, culture, and history.
- The subject will cover historical periods, regional authors, literary approaches, genres, and text analysis.
Importance of Studying Literature
- Literature allows us to connect with our past, traditions, and heritage.
- It enhances language skills and deepens understanding of Filipino identity.
- Literature serves as a window to Filipino history and values.
- Appreciating literature fosters pride and appreciation for cultural heritage.
Historical Periods of Philippine Literature
- Pre-Colonial Period: Literature before foreign influence, focusing on folk tales, songs, proverbs, and epics.
- Spanish Colonial Period: Literature influenced by Spanish colonizers emphasizing poetry, religion, and the spread of Christianity.
- American Regime: Literature in English flourished; education and new genres were introduced.
- Japanese Period: A brief phase with unique literary forms (to be discussed further).
- Contemporary Period: Post-Japanese era to present, with Philippine-authored works and diverse genres.
Forms and Genres in Pre-Colonial Literature
- Folk tales: Stories about life and adventures, passed orally.
- Folk songs: Early cultural expressions, often in 12-syllable verses.
- Epics: Long poems about heroic deeds (e.g., Biag ni Lam-ang, Ibalon, Darangan).
- Proverbs: Short sayings expressing lessons and values.
- Riddles and maxims: Word games and wise sayings conveying knowledge.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Literature — the body of written or oral works reflecting the story of people.
- Pre-Colonial Period — the era before foreign colonization with orally-transmitted stories and songs.
- Epic — a long narrative poem about heroic deeds.
- Proverb — a short, traditional saying expressing general truth or advice.
- Contemporary Period — literary works from the post-Japanese occupation to present.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Reflect: "What would happen if literature did not exist?"
- Prepare for next session: Study other literary periods and their characteristics.