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Overview of Heart of Darkness Themes

Jan 11, 2025

Lecture Notes: Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad - Part 1

Setting and Context

  • The Nellie: A cruising yawl anchored in the Thames River, waiting for the tide to turn.
  • Atmosphere: Calm with a vast, luminous estuary stretching towards the sea, enveloped by a haze and a brooding gloom over London.
  • Characters Present on the Yacht:
    • The Director of Companies (Captain and Host)
    • The Lawyer
    • The Accountant
    • Marlow (narrator)

Themes and Symbols

  • The Thames: Symbolizes the passage of historical conquest, memories of explorers and adventurers.
  • Darkness and Light: The gloom and brooding darkness over London contrast with the light of the setting sun.
  • History and Legacy: References to historical figures like Sir Francis Drake, suggesting a legacy of exploration.
  • Marlow's Reflection: Contemplates the Roman conquest and the dark past of the land.

Key Events and Discussions

  • The Monologue of Marlow:

    • Marlow, a seaman and wanderer, reflects on the changes in the Thames and its historical significance.
    • Describes the dangers and challenges faced by Roman soldiers, drawing parallels to his own journey.
  • Marlow's Journey:

    • Recounts his childhood fascination with maps and exploration.
    • Narrates his efforts to secure a position with a trading company that operates in Africa.
  • Appointment and Voyage:

    • Marlow secures a position as a river steamboat captain through the influence of his aunt.
    • He travels on a French steamer to Africa, observing the coast and pondering the land’s enigma.

Characters Marlow Encounters

  • The Doctor: Measures Marlow’s head, showing interest in the mental effects of the journey.
  • The Accountant: A well-dressed man maintaining order amidst chaos, introduces Marlow to the name 'Kurtz'.
  • The Manager: Described as having a cold demeanor, with a mysterious and unsettling presence.

Marlow's Reflections and Observations

  • Marlow’s Initial Impressions:

    • Observes the exploitation and suffering of the native population.
    • Witnesses the inefficiencies and absurdities of the colonial enterprise.
  • The Grove of Death:

    • Encounters dying native laborers, leading to reflections on the brutality and futility of the colonial mission.
  • The Station and the Pilgrims:

    • Notes the chaos, the obsession with ivory, and the mysterious figure of Kurtz.
    • Describes the aimless wait and the folly of the station inhabitants.

Kurtz’s Influence and Mystery

  • Kurtz: A central figure shrouded in mystery, discussed in hushed tones but not yet met by Marlow.
  • Brickmaker’s Conversation: Reveals Kurtz’s reputation and ambition, hinting at European influence.

Exploration and Intrigue

  • Eldorado Exploring Expedition:
    • A group driven by greed without any moral purpose, led by the manager’s uncle.
  • Marlow’s Anticipation:
    • Despite the absurdity and moral corruption, Marlow remains curious about Kurtz and the unfolding events.

Conclusion

  • Reflection on Colonialism:
    • Marlow’s observations highlight the moral contradictions and existential reflections on the imperial mission.
  • Personal Journey:
    • The narrative is about self-discovery amidst the chaos and moral ambiguities of colonial Africa.