How Do We Learn?

Introduction

• Presenter: Dr. Lara Boyd
• Profession: Brain researcher at the University of British Columbia
• Main Questions: How do we learn? Why do some people learn more easily than others?
• Subject: Brain research and neuroplasticity

Misconceptions About the Brain

• Old Belief: Brain does not change after childhood
• Reality: Brain changes throughout life (neuroplasticity)
• Old Belief: You only use parts of the brain at any given time
• Reality: Brain is highly active even at rest

Advances in Brain Research

• Technology Impact: MRI advances have led to new discoveries
• Key Discovery: Every time you learn a new fact or skill, you change your brain
• Neuroplasticity: Brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections

Ways the Brain Changes to Support Learning

1. Chemical Changes
   • Increased chemical signaling between neurons
   • Supports short-term memory and improvement in motor skills
2. Structural Changes
   • Changes in connections between neurons
   • Related to long-term memory and motor skill improvement
3. Functional Changes
   • Increased excitability of brain regions
   • Shifts in brain network activities support learning

Examples of Brain Adaptation

• Braille readers have larger hand sensory areas
• Dominant hand motor region is larger
• London taxi drivers have larger brain regions for spatial memory

Neuroplasticity & Learning

• Behavior: Primary driver of neuroplastic changes
• Practice: Essential for learning new skills or relearning old ones
• Variability: Neuroplasticity patterns vary from person to person

Personal Experiences & Research Insights

• Intensity of Practice: Increased difficulty in practice leads to more learning and structural changes
• Positive vs Negative Neuroplasticity: Can be beneficial (learning) or detrimental (addiction, chronic pain)

Personalized Medicine and Learning

• No One-Size-Fits-All: Learning varies individually
• Genetics & Biomarkers: Help in personalizing recovery and learning methods
• Broader Implications: Personalized approach needed in education and rehabilitation

Conclusion

• Impact: Every action and experience changes your brain
• Practical Advice: Study your own learning methods, adopt healthy brain habits, and remain a lifelong learner