Role of Enzymes in Cell Reactions

Sep 10, 2024

Enzymes and Chemical Reactions in Cells

Overview

  • Chemical reactions in cells often do not occur spontaneously.
  • Cells use proteins known as enzymes to initiate and accelerate chemical reactions.
  • Enzymes help cells efficiently utilize energy sources.

Function of Enzymes

  • Enzymes have a specific method to initiate reactions:
    • They bind to specific molecules called reactants or substrates.
    • Binding occurs at the active site on the enzyme.

Process of Enzyme Action

  1. Enzyme-Substrate Complex Formation

    • Substrates bind to the active site of the enzyme, forming the enzyme-substrate complex.
  2. Chemical Reaction

    • The enzyme and substrates react, weakening some chemical bonds in the substrates.
    • This leads to the substrates linking together.
  3. Formation of Product

    • Chemical reactions at the active site result in the formation of a new molecule, the product.
  4. Release and Reusability of Enzyme

    • The product is released from the active site.
    • The enzyme returns to its original state, ready to react with new substrates.