Difference Between Wireless Access Point and Wi-Fi Router

Overview

• Many people confuse wireless access points (APs) with Wi-Fi routers.
• Although they perform similar functions, they serve different purposes.

Wi-Fi Router

• Definition: Device that enables multiple wired and wireless devices to join a local area network (LAN).
• Functionality:
  • Broadcasts Wi-Fi signals for wireless device connectivity.
  • Includes a built-in switch with several network ports for wired connections (using Ethernet cables).
  • Connects directly to a modem to provide internet access.
• Usage: Commonly used in homes and small offices.
• Example Setup: Desktops connected via cables to the router and laptops/tablets connected wirelessly.

Wireless Access Point (AP)

• Definition: Device that relays data between a wired network and wireless devices, acting as a wireless hub.
• Functionality:
  • Connects to an organization's router (which connects to a modem) to give wireless devices internet access.
  • Primarily used by medium to large organizations with multiple access points for extensive coverage.
• Example Setup: Desktop computers connected to the router via Ethernet; laptops and tablets connect to wireless APs.

Key Differences

Management

• Wi-Fi Routers: Each can be managed individually, which can be time-consuming.
• Wireless APs: Managed by a single router, making it easier to handle network changes and configurations.

Type of Connections

• Wi-Fi Routers: Accept connections from both wireless and wired devices.
• Wireless APs: Strictly for wireless devices.

Firewall and DHCP Service

• Wi-Fi Routers: Equipped with a firewall and built-in DHCP service to automatically assign IP addresses.
• Wireless APs: No firewall and rely on the organization's router for IP address assignment.

WAN/Internet Port

• Wi-Fi Routers: Have a WAN port for connecting directly to a modem for internet access.
• Wireless APs: Lacks a WAN port; must connect to a router to access the internet.

Additional Notes

• Wireless APs can extend an existing network's wireless signal, improving coverage in larger areas or homes.
• Example: A wireless AP can be connected to a Wi-Fi router using a network cable to reach distant devices.