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Boolean Consensus Theorem

Sep 9, 2025

Overview

This lecture introduces the Consensus Theorem in Boolean algebra, states both forms, and demonstrates their proofs using Boolean rules.

Consensus Theorem 1 (Sum Form)

  • The first consensus theorem is: AB + A’C + BC = AB + A’C.
  • AB + A’C + BC(A+A’) how and when?
  • To prove, expand terms: AB + A’C + BCA + BCA’.
  • Group and factor: AB(1 + C) + A’C(1 + B).
  • Apply Boolean rules: 1 + C = 1, 1 + B = 1, so expression simplifies to AB + A’C.
  • The result matches the right-hand side (RHS), confirming the theorem.

Consensus Theorem 2 (Product Form)

  • The second consensus theorem is: (A + B)(A’ + C)(B + C) = (A + B)(A’ + C).
  • Expand and simplify using Boolean law (e.g., AA’ = 0).
  • Simplified terms: ABC + BA’ + BC + AC + A’BC.
  • Combine like terms, especially BC, and factor if possible.
  • After simplification, product is BC + BA’ + AC.
  • RHS also simplifies to AC + BA’ + BC, matching LHS and proving the theorem.

Boolean Algebra Rules Used

  • 1 + X = 1 (Dominance law).
  • AA’ = 0 (Complement law).
  • X + X = X and XX = X (Idempotent laws).

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Boolean Algebra — mathematical system for logical operations with binary variables.
  • Consensus Theorem — a principle stating redundant terms in Boolean expressions can often be eliminated.
  • LHS/RHS — Left-Hand Side / Right-Hand Side of an equation or expression.
  • Complement Law — a rule stating a variable ANDed with its complement is zero.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review previous session on Boolean rules for deeper understanding.
  • Prepare for upcoming sessions with competitive exam questions on Boolean equations.