Types of Respiration

Importance of Cellular Respiration

• Energy Usage: Majority of energy used for functioning comes from glucose.
• Source of Glucose: Made by plants during photosynthesis.
• Process: Cellular respiration, an exothermic reaction, transfers energy from glucose.
• Function: Breaks apart glucose to release trapped energy (energy is transferred, not made).

Biological Uses of Energy

1. Building Molecules: E.g., combining amino acids to form proteins.
2. Muscular Contraction: Allows movement.
3. Maintaining Body Temperature: Keeps the body warm in cold environments.

• Metabolism: Combination of all chemical reactions in a cell, catalyzed by enzymes.
  • Definition: All chemical processes to maintain life.

Types of Respiration

1. Aerobic Respiration

   • Condition: Requires oxygen.
   • Efficiency: Most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose.
   • Occurrence: Continuously in plants and animals, within mitochondria.
   • Equation:
     • Word: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water.
     • Chemical: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O.
   • Relation to Photosynthesis: Opposite equation of photosynthesis.

2. Anaerobic Respiration

   • Condition: Occurs without oxygen.
   • Occurrence: Used when oxygen supply is low, e.g., sprinting.
   • Equation:
     • Word: Glucose → Lactic Acid.
   • Issues:
     1. Incomplete glucose breakdown (inefficient energy transfer).
     2. Lactic acid buildup (needs removal).

3. Anaerobic Respiration in Plants and Yeast

   • Difference: Produces ethanol and carbon dioxide (not lactic acid).
   • Fermentation: Process in yeast; used in industry:
     • Bread: CO2 forms air pockets for light texture.
     • Alcohol: Produces ethanol for beer and wine.

Summary

• Key Points:
  • Two types of respiration: aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen).
  • Importance of ATP energy transfer.
• Applications: Understanding respiration helps in fields like exercise physiology and biotechnology.

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• Topic: Exercise and the removal of lactic acid.