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Pangunahing Konsepto ng Kuryente

Feb 22, 2025

Lecture Notes: Fundamentals of Electricity

Introduction

  • Shoutout: Salamat kay Earl Artista, ang mga subscribers ay tinatawag na "Kabolta."
  • Target Students: Engineering students, especially those in electrical or electronics engineering.
  • Main Question: Ano ang electricity para sa non-electrical professionals?

Definitions and Concepts

  • Electricity: Often perceived as kuryente by the general public; technically referred to as "dagitab" or "spark."
  • Current: A flow of free electrons. Examples include wind current and water current.
    • Electric Current: Daloy ng malalayang electrons.
    • Electron: Found in atoms, orbiting around the nucleus.

Electrons and Free Electrons

  • Binding Energy: Keeps electrons bound to atoms until disturbed.
  • Conductors: Materials like copper facilitate electron flow.
    • Conductor vs Insulator: Depends on the valence electrons.
    • Valence Electron > 4: Insulator.
    • Valence Electron = 4: Semiconductor.
    • Valence Electron < 4: Conductor.
  • Free Electrons: Needed for current, found in conductors.

Charge and Current Flow

  • Conductor Requirement: Material with less than 4 valence electrons.
  • Third Party Influence: Heat, magnetism, chemical reactions, photon energy induce electron flow.
  • Ampere (A): Basic unit of current.
    • 1 Ampere: Movement of one column of charge per second.

Batteries and Powerbanks

  • Charge Rating: Measured in milliampere-hour (mAh).
  • Real vs Rated Capacity: Marketing often exaggerates capacity; actual usable charge is less.
  • Example: A 10,000 mAh powerbank effectively provides around 7,400 mAh.

Voltage

  • Definition: Force that moves charges, also known as potential difference.
  • Voltage Units: Measured in volts (V).
  • Types: Direct Current (DC) and Alternating Current (AC).

Direct Current (DC) Voltage

  • Characteristics: Flows in one direction, constant polarity.
  • Sources: Batteries, solar cells.

Alternating Current (AC) Voltage

  • Characteristics: Changes direction and polarity over time.
  • Sources: Power plants, household outlets.

Summary

  • Electricity: Flow of free electrons.
  • Voltage: Force causing electrons to move in a directed manner.
  • Future Topics: Different power sources, exciting electrons, and introduction to resistance.
  • Call to Action: Share, like, and subscribe for more educational content.
  • Next Lecture: Will dive deeper into power sources and electron excitation. Also, introduction to resistance.

Salamat sa pakikinig at kita-kits sa susunod na lecture!

Full transcript