Prepositions and Their Usage
Introduction
- Presenter: संदीप कुमार
- Context: Day 2 session on prepositional phrases, important for translation and competitive exams.
- Objective: Understand and apply prepositional phrases in various contexts.
Importance of Prepositional Phrases
- General and Special Meanings: Prepositions often misunderstood by students as per Hindi meanings.
- Test Series: Available for course purchasers for free. Important to attempt these tests for better understanding.
Key Points on Prepositions
Common Confusions and Clarifications
- In vs. Within: (Time Context)
- "In an hour" vs. "Within an hour"
- Use in for fixed ending time; within for any time up to the end.
- At vs. On vs. In: (Days and Specific Times)
- "On Monday," "In January," "At 7 PM"
- On for days and specific dates, In for months/years, At for specific times.
- On vs. In vs. At: (Place Context)
- "In the hall," "At the bus stop"
- Use in for enclosed spaces, at for specific points, and on for surfaces.
- Into vs. In: (Movement Context)
- "We went into the hall" vs. "We entered the hall"
- Into for movement towards inside, In for static position.
- On vs. In: (Activities Context)
- "On the weekend" vs. "In the week"
- On for specific days, In for broader time frames like months/years.
Common Prepositional Phrases and Their Uses
- By:
- Explains the agent in passive sentences: "He was killed by Ram."
- Used for measurement: "Petrol is sold by the liter."
- Indicates close proximity: "He lives by me."
- For:
- For a purpose: "These are for the kids."
- For measurement context: "I bought it for Rs. 10."
- Along:
- Movement along a path: "Walk along the road."
- Under vs. Below:
- Under for direct vertical hierarchy: "Under the table."
- Below for hierarchies or levels: "Below poverty line."
- Over vs. Above:
- Over for physical coverage or spanning: "Over the bridge."
- Above for vertical positioning: "Above the bed."
Special Cases
- Electronic Devices: (Mobile, TV, etc.)
- Activities on devices: "On the mobile," "On TV."
- Exception when specifying locations within websites/apps.
- Transportation Methods: (With vs. On vs. By)
- General terms: "By bus," "By train."
- When specifying possession or specific vehicle: "In/On his car." "On the bus" for public transport.
- Different prepositions depending on whether you can move inside or not: On for bike/horse (sit on it), In for car/plane (sit inside it).
Practice Examples
- Time Context:
- Right answer: "In an hour."
- Days of the Week:
- Right answer: "On Monday."
- Location Context vs. Travel:
- Right answer: "At the bus stop," "In the hall."
- Active Usage on Devices:
- Right answer: "On the mobile."
- Special Phrases:
- Right answer: "Because of," "Instead of," "By car."
Conclusion
- Review: Understanding and using prepositions based on their position rather than just their meaning in Hindi.
- Target Exam Competencies: Preparing for exams with a thorough understanding of prepositional phrases to avoid common pitfalls.
- Next Steps: Continue engaging with test series and thorough practice on Achiever's Choice e-learning platform.
Reminder: Download the Achiever's Choice app for more detailed courses and structured learning.
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