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White Man's Burden and Imperialism

Sep 3, 2025

Overview

The lecture explains the concept of the White Man's Burden, its historical context, and the criticism surrounding its use as a justification for imperialism.

The White Man's Burden Explained

  • The White Man's Burden refers to the belief that Europeans had a duty to bring civilization to other parts of the world.
  • This idea was common in the 19th and early 20th centuries among European societies.
  • Europeans claimed responsibility for guiding and improving societies in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
  • The belief was rooted in ideas of racial superiority, with Europeans seeing themselves as more advanced.

Justification for Imperialism

  • European colonizers used the White Man's Burden to justify taking control of other countries' territories and resources.
  • They claimed to bring modernity, technology, and religion to less developed societies.
  • Many colonized people did not ask for or welcome this intervention.

Representation in Literature and Politics

  • The idea was promoted as a noble mission in political speeches and literature.
  • Rudyard Kipling's 1899 poem "The White Man's Burden" encouraged the U.S. to bring progress to the Philippines as a new colony.

Criticism and Legacy

  • Critics argue the concept justified exploitation and imperialism.
  • It showed arrogance and paternalism, assuming Europeans knew what was best for others.
  • The concept raises questions about power, ethics, and the long-term effects of colonialism on global cultures.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • White Man's Burden — The belief that it is the duty of "advanced" societies to civilize and improve others.
  • Imperialism — Policy of extending a country’s power by acquiring territories and dominating other nations.
  • Paternalism — Treating others as children in need of guidance, often in a condescending way.
  • Colonialism — The practice of acquiring control over another country, occupying it, and exploiting its resources.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Review Rudyard Kipling’s poem "The White Man's Burden."
  • Reflect on examples of imperialism in world history for discussion.