DHCP Configuration and Management

Introduction

• Previous video: DHCP process from client's perspective
• Current focus: Configurations on DHCP server

DHCP Server Configurations

• DHCP Scope: Defines the range/pool of IP addresses
  • Includes IP address range
  • Excluded addresses
  • Subnet mask
  • Lease durations for IP addresses
  • Additional options (e.g., DNS servers, default gateways, VoIP server IPs)

Address Pools and Scopes

• Pools for IP addresses created per subnet
• Each scope provides IP addresses for a specific subnet
• Contiguous pools: e.g., addresses 1-100
• Exceptions can be added to the scope

Windows Server DHCP Management

• Server Manager interface
• Example: Scope available on network 165.24.44.0
• Address Leases: Temporary allocation of IP addresses
• Reservations: Devices always receive the same IP address

DHCP Lease Process

• Addresses are leased temporarily
• Lease period settings determined by DHCP administrator
• Devices may have different lease renewal intervals

Address Reservation

• Static DHCP Assignment/IP Reservation:
  • Assign specific IP addresses to devices like printers/servers
  • Managed centrally in the DHCP server
  • Table of MAC addresses and IP addresses

Lease Timers

• Lease Renewal: Does not wait for lease expiry
• T1 Timer: 50% of lease time (initial renewal attempt)
• T2 Timer: 87.5% of lease time (rebinding with any DHCP server)
• Example: For an 8-day lease:
  • T1 at 4 days
  • T2 at 7 days

DHCP Options

• Configure additional TCP/IP settings
• Known as DHCP options (254 usable options)
• Common Options: IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS servers
• Additional Configurations: e.g., VoIP call server (option 129), HTTP proxy (option 135)
• Not all DHCP servers support all options; verify server capabilities

Conclusion

• DHCP provides automated configuration for network devices
• Flexible options and reservations enhance network management