Hello everyone and welcome to CC100, another course for this semester. For this subject or course, we're going to talk about all about the basics of computer. To begin with, let us discuss first the chapter 1, which is the introduction to computing.
For the topics that are included in this lesson, or number 1, We will be going to talk about the generations of modern computer. And then we will proceed to digital revolution. Kung paano ba naging yung computer natin from computing, basic computing, nag-turn siya into another piece of technology wherein we can use it on our daily lives.
So alam natin ang computer. Sabi ko nga no, nagagamit natin yan. And then nakikita natin yan. everywhere.
We can see computers at school, work, home, businesses, everywhere. People use all types and sizes of computer. So from PC at your desk, they got laptop, and even tablet and mobile phones, they are considered as or classified as computers.
And of course, since we use or or we can see those computers everywhere. There are consumers who uses computers as well. So like students, kayo, teachers, family members, business owners, if you have a business, I said, military personnel, doctors, and many more. Kasi ang computer nowadays can do a lot of things. From simple creating notes, sending email, communication, ano pa ba, sharing photos, drawing.
creating a document, music, video, even prediction, prediction of weather, of earthquakes, and then other calamities. We already have predictions for that. All in a matter of an instant. We said that's how fast or that's how the computer we know now is.
From finding a job on the internet, using your computer. Dati, kapag nanonood tayo ng news, sa television tayo nanonood or sa radio, dun lang tayo nakakapakinig. And then, nakakapamalita ng mga current events. But now, as you notice, we can see news a lot, even in social media platform, sa Instagram, Twitter, not to mention Facebook. So, sports, dati.
If we want to watch our favorite teams that they have competing to another teams, we will watch TV. But now, you can watch their play in YouTube or in social media like Facebook. Even gambling, right?
We have that thing called talpak-talpak. So that is the power of computer. Okay, so creating schedule, maps, and education of course.
So, napakadaming gamit. And then, aabot yung isang buong araw siguro kapag minention natin. Yung mga kayang gawin ng computers. So, those are functionalities na kayang gawin ng isang computer nowadays.
But did you know that before, computer is for large-scale computation. That's why it's called computer because they are meant for computation. That's why in the early or those who are reading the book about the history of computers, abacus that is the first considered computer na na gamit natin kasi nga alam ko na alam ninyo na ginagamit ang abacus for computation for calculation pero iba sa atin hindi alam kung paano ba nagka function ang abacus pero alam natin na ginagamit siya for math and for counting it aids us to count on a very large or large scale of numbers.
So that is also the purpose of why there was a computer before. And actually, there are two periods in our technology, what we call the mechanical era. This is the time between 1450 and 1840 and then we have electronic era from the period from 1940. up to present. So, I said earlier, early computers, those mechanical era, those times of abacus, those are the ones that are really used, we are not using the electronic era. So now, on this phase, what we will discuss is the phase of the electronic era, that is where we will focus more in our discussion.
So, the first generation of computer is what we call or what first-generation computers use for their basic components like memory and CPU or central processing unit is the vacuum tubes. So the vacuum tubes look like this that you can see in our presentation. And imagine that this is the composition, these are the basic parts of memory, RAM, and then processor or CPU.
So, kaya hindi malayo ng mga first generation computers is yung lalaki talaga ng isang buong kwarto. So, imagine mo, compare that first generation computers to our present computers na ginagamit ngayon. Napakalaki ng difference.
And of course, sa size and then sa price. So, if we will compare it doon sa may price. because first-generation computers it is very expensive and then mga nakaka afford lang nito is yung mga large organization kasi para mapagana mo yung isang computer nun kailangan mo ng malakas na kuryente talaga so yun ang nakaka apekto kung bakit meron tayong very expensive computers on our first generation from 1946 to 19. Now, in the first generation, the input and output devices that we use are the punch card from left to right that you can see here in our presentation.
We have punch card, paper tape, and magnetic tape. They were used as input and output devices. And then they can store, if we compare it now, it's small.
bytes or megabytes. That's all the storage we can store before. Unlike our storage that is now very small, but we can store terabytes of data in our devices that we use nowadays.
So for the second generation, the so-called components of the computer replaced by vacuum tubes are the transistors. This is much cheaper and consume less power. Hindi na siya katulad nung kayang magpailaw daw. According to my research, yung mga first generation is yung power na kailangan mo i-consume sa pag-ooperate or sa pagbukas ng computer na yun.
Mga first generation is isang buong barangay ang kailangan mong power. Bagay yung kinukonsume ng isang buong barangay, ganun yung i-coconsume mo dun sa may computer na inoopen mo before. on the first generation.
Now, the second generation, much cheaper, and then, ang ginagamit na nga is yung transistor. Okay, so, consumeless power, more compact in size, and more faster than first generation computers. But in this generation, medyo malalaki pa din yung mga computers natin.
On third generations naman, is we have integrated circuits. Okay, so ipinalit ngayon dun sa may transistors is integrated circuits invented by Jack Kilby. Okay, so the third generation computers, this is the kind of computers that we use today or that we see today because of the integrated circuits. Then, a few years later, from 1971 to 1980, we used Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits or what we call VLSI.
Very Large Integrated Circuits. This is now the rise of PC revolution. In this generation, in the 4th generation, this is where the rise of the PC, Personal Computer Revolution occurred. In this generation, again, VLSI is what they use. And then computers became more powerful, compact, they are smaller now, reliable and affordable.
So mostly, this is what many fourth generation computers can buy. And up to present, we have a fifth generation that we are using from VLSI, very large scale, it became ultra large scale integration technology. When you open the physical components of computer, you will see... devices like this one.
This technology is Ultra Large Scale Integration Technology. This is what we call 5th Generation Computers. Now, of course, our computers are used for computing. How did it transform into very useful that we use on our daily basis? So back in our topic for digital revolution, this is an ongoing process of social, political, and economic change brought about by digital technology.
Malakay ang iniepekto ng political, economic, and of course social change sa digital technology. So dahil sa tatlong factor po na yan, There was a huge change or a very fast change of our digital technology. And without digital electronics, computers would be huge machine up to now. Now, we have phases of digital revolution. So in phases of digital revolution, there are four of them.
So from computing, computers already have what we call data processing. From simple computation, we have data processing and then personal computing. We have network computing wherein we can share our resources from different computers while they are connected, interconnected to each other physically or logically. And then we have cloud computing. But actually, logically, in that time of network computing before, wireless was not yet that much.
wireless. What I mean by network computing is the first networking capabilities of those computers, they are using physical wire. So now, let's discuss them a little bit. So data processing, the concept of large computer performing tasks based on the input processing output cycle represents were used from 1940s through 1970s.
So from 1940s to 1970s, there was data processing that developed the data processing. Wherein, we can input it to the computer, we can process it, and then we can give it an output. That's the first digital revolution that the computer gave us. ng computer. Now, nagkaroon naman tayo ng personal computing.
What is personal computing? Personal computing is standalone computers powered by local software. When we say local software, it refers to any software that is installed on a computer hard drive. Computers are those that are pre-installed on your computer and then those are the only ones you can use.
Not like now, if you want to add software, you can download it from the net, from internet, and then there you go, you have software. But before then, back then, personal computing in those times, if what you installed on your computer, those are the applications that you will use. And take note of this, there is no network in those times, in personal computing. And then... As you guessed, our next revolution, since there was no internet connection before, we now have network computing.
This is a group of computer network that is linked together to share data and other resources like printer. So, that's where printer sharing and file sharing are now used. And then, internet was open to public use.
Because the internet before was originally developed as a military project. It was not invented for public use at the first time. So, the computer was a military project.
And then, it was handed over to the National Science Foundation for research and academic use. Kaya nagkaroon sa, naginga, it turns out na... it became open to public use. So, our technology of networking has been developed from basic peer-to-peer connection, we have servers, we have here on our next...
Revolution, the cloud computing, which provides access to information, applications, communications, and storage over the internet. So, this is the time now, we can save our resources over the internet and we can sync that files or that resources all over our devices like mobile phones, smartphones, or any other computers. For example, you have a computer here at home.
You uploaded your files over the internet on your cloud storage. That's why it's also called cloud computing. So it's uploaded on cloud storage.
And then all devices that are connected to your cloud storage can have access to whatever. data that you need. So that's the basic concept of cloud computing. So that's why now, that's what became our revolution from a computer that is standalone and made for computation, it became data processing, it processes data, it receives input, processes it, outputs it, and then stores it as well. and then we have personal computing, there are additional software and then the network computing and up to now, cloud computing as of today, those are the revolutions that we have and then we have next revolution that is being used now like artificial intelligence that they can predict something and use it for advertisement and like not get a new the summer Facebook you mama automatic not in or you mama suggestion listed not in sanit flicks a YouTube and you mama panama not in Salazada you map up on senior you can connect nag nag search guide is a lasada nanga particular na na gamit and then then you will notice when you transfer from YouTube or Facebook You will notice that it is advertised in your timeline or it is the one that appears in the advertisement before you watch the tutorial that you are watching or the channel that you are watching on YouTube.
Another one is the IoT or the Internet of Things. So, those are the next revolution of computers. so but for now That's all I have to say since we don't have any distinctive information to that.
So, I'm going to leave it then to those we discussed. So, that is the end of the chapter 1, the introduction to computing. Thank you.