Ma'am Z's Virtual Classroom Lecture
Overview
- Focus on historical and legal foundations of special and inclusive education.
- Five eras in the development of disability history:
- Era of Extermination (Ancient Period)
- Era of Ridicule (Medieval Period)
- Era of Asylum (Renaissance)
- Era of Education (Industrial Revolution)
- Modern Period (20th and 21st Century)
Era of Extermination (Ancient Period)
- Brutal treatment of people with disabilities, with practices like infanticide in China.
- Ancient Greece and Rome valued physical perfection; those with deformities were often killed or abandoned.
- Aristotle advocated against rearing deformed children.
Medieval Period
- Rise of Christianity led to more humane treatment.
- Church provided refuge and basic services.
- Disabilities seen as sins or divine interventions, varying perceptions of disability as a blessing or punishment.
Era of Asylum (Renaissance)
- Medical advancements led to viewing disabilities as medical issues requiring treatment.
- Experimentation and confinement in asylums were common.
- Philippe Pinel advocated for humane treatment and recognized mental instability as illness.
Era of Education (Industrial Revolution)
- Shift from religious/moral model to a medical model of disability.
- Introduction of special education and eugenics.
- Development of intelligence scales and special classes.
Modern Period (20th and 21st Century)
- Introduction of social model of disability, focusing on societal change.
- Emergence of human rights model emphasizing dignity and rights of PWDs.
- Key legal developments: IDEA, EHA, accessibility laws, inclusive education policies.
Key Concepts
- Special Education: Designed for learners with disabilities and gifted learners.
- Inclusive Education: Involves adapting environments to be accessible to all students without discrimination.
- Mainstreaming and Integration: Educating students within regular classes, with specific adaptations.
- Presence, Participation, Achievement: Indicators of successful inclusion.
- Accommodation vs. Modification: Adjusting 'how' or 'what' students learn to meet educational needs.
Visual Representation of Inclusive Education
- Inclusion means providing necessary support based on individual needs, not a one-size-fits-all solution.
Conclusion
- Emphasis on learning and adapting to ensure inclusive education.
- Encouragement to subscribe for future lessons.
These notes cover the main points and historical context provided by Ma'am Z on the development of special and inclusive education, key figures, and policies that have shaped the current understanding and treatment of disabilities.