Brain Anatomy and Functions

Jul 20, 2024

Lecture Notes: Brain Anatomy and Functions

Key Structures and Terminology

Central Sulcus

  • Definition: A prominent groove or fold in the brain's cortex.
  • Function: Separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe.
  • Location: Runs vertically down the side of the brain.

Gyri and Sulci

  • Sulcus: A groove or depression on the brain's surface (plural: sulci).
  • Gyrus: A ridge or raised portion of the brain's surface (plural: gyri).
  • Precentral Gyrus:
    • Location: In front of the central sulcus.
    • Function: Houses the primary motor cortex, responsible for voluntary movement.
  • Postcentral Gyrus:
    • Location: Behind the central sulcus.
    • Function: Contains the primary somatosensory cortex, responsible for processing sensory information from the body.

Summary

  • The central sulcus is a critical landmark for distinguishing between the frontal and parietal lobes.
  • Precentral and postcentral gyri are key regions for motor and sensory functions, respectively.