hey everybody doctor over here a quick video I just want to cover the atypical cell walls so I've covered the gram-positive and gram-negative cell walls in another video but when I think of a typical cell walls I generally think of two things number one would be wall this bacteria so there actually are some bacteria that don't need cell walls now where they're very rare the only real important genus to mention is the mycoplasma and the reason they can get away with not having a cell wall appears to be twofold number one they're tiny they're actually the smallest known bacteria that can reproduce outside of a host cell so they're almost blurring the lines between a bacteria and something closer to a virus I guess you would say and the second thing is these mycoplasma have some sterols inside their plasma membrane see we have sterols in our plasma membranes which is the reason we don't need cell walls our stare wall is cholesterol so they don't have cholesterol but they have a cousin of it and it does seem to function the same way so between the fact that they're tiny and they have these sterols they're wallis bacteria so but the most important one will be these here and this would be the acid-fast bacteria you see this image has them labeled as gram positive and it is true now they would not stain with with the Gram stain because of this waxy mic Olek acid layer but if you were to remove that waxy covering they would stain gram positive so you can call them gram positive acid fast bacteria but I like to just call them acid fast bacteria so the two genus the two examples we care about would be the micro bacterium and then any pathogenic strains of nocardia but those are like exceedingly rare the Michel Michel bacteria will we care about mainly because of one Mycobacterium tuberculosis the causative agent of TB but you do also have Mycobacterium leprae which causes leprosy or Hansen's disease so what you see here in this picture doesn't do a justice is this my kolak acid so up to 60% of the cell membrane surrounding acid-fast bacteria is going to be my Kolak acid it is a waxy hydrophobic water fearing covering that's going to cover this organism that's why it doesn't stain with the Gram stain so let's see I think I think that's about it for that so so the Tukey a typical cell walls would be the wallace organisms think the michel plasmas and then the acid-fast bacteria which have this waxy mic Olek acid covering around their cell walls that you do it for cell walls I hope this helps have a wonderful day be blessed