📘

Complete Kubernetes Course Notes

Jul 16, 2024

Complete Kubernetes Course Notes

Introduction

  • Introduction to Kubernetes
  • Course Structure: Theoretical explanations and Hands-On demos

Part 1: Basics of Kubernetes

Concepts

  • What Kubernetes is: Open-source container orchestration framework by Google
  • Problems solved by Kubernetes
  • Kubernetes architecture: Main components

Setup

  • Install Minikube for local Kubernetes clusters
  • Main commands using kubectl for Pods: create, debug, delete

YAML Configuration

  • Use YAML files to create/configure components

Practical Use Case

  • Deploy a simple application in a local Kubernetes cluster

Part 2: Advanced Concepts

Organization and Accessibility

  • Organizing components using namespaces
  • Make applications available externally using Kubernetes Ingress

Helm - Package Manager

  • Basic usage & advantages
  • Persistent Data

Components Deep Dive

  1. Volumes: Persisting data in Kubernetes using volumes
  2. Stateful Applications: Deploy using StatefulSets
  3. Services: Different Kubernetes service types for various use cases

Detailed Breakdown

What is Kubernetes?

  • Definition and scope
  • Developed by Google
  • Manages containers using Docker and other tech
  • Manages applications in various environments (physical, VMs, cloud, hybrid)
  • Solves issues of high availability, scalability, and disaster recovery

Basic Components of Kubernetes

Pods

  • Smallest unit; abstraction over containers
  • Each Pod gets its own IP

Services

  • Address stability for Pods
  • Enables inter-Pod communication using internal IPs

Ingress

  • Manages external access to services

ConfigMaps and Secrets

  • ConfigMaps: External configuration management
  • Secrets: Secure management for sensitive data like credentials

Deployments and StatefulSets

  • Deployment: Layer of abstraction over Pods, manages replicas
  • StatefulSets: Used for stateful applications like databases

Volumes

  • Persistent Volumes (PV) and Persistent Volume Claims (PVC)
  • Storage options (local, NFS, cloud)

Creating and Managing Kubernetes Clusters

Minikube Setup

  • Purpose: Local testing of Kubernetes
  • Installing Minikube and kubectl
  • Commands for starting/minikube, interacting with clusters using kubectl

Detailed Kubectl Usage

  • Basic commands for Pods, Deployments, Services
  • Logging, debugging, exec into Pods
  • Configuration using YAML files

YAML Configuration Files

  • Metadata, Specification
  • Usage in Deployments, Services, ConfigMap, Secrets

Organizing Components with Namespaces

  • What is a namespace?
  • Use cases: multi-team environments, dev/staging/prod environments, blue-green deployments
  • Resource limitations and access control per namespace

Ingress Controller and Ingress Rules

  • Setting up Ingress for external access
  • Defining custom error pages using default backend

Helm and Helm Charts

  • Helm as a package manager and templating engine for Kubernetes
  • Release management with Helm

Data Persistence using Volumes

  • Persistent Volume (PV) and Persistent Volume Claims (PVC)
  • Storage Class for dynamic provisioning

Deploying Stateful Applications

  • StatefulSets vs Deployments
  • Need for persistent identity and data synchronization

Kubernetes Services

  • Service types: ClusterIP, NodePort, LoadBalancer, Headless Service
  • Use cases and configurations

Conclusion

  • Recap of learning objectives
  • Encouragement to explore additional DevOps tools and resources

Full transcript