[Music] I'm welcome back to three size lessons Kol UK by the end of this video you should be able to describe the differences between sexual and asexual reproduction in a previous topic we saw that human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus and I'm showing you a human cell here now you'll notice that this diagram only shows four pairs of chromosomes that's to make the diagram easier to see but you need to remember that human cells actually contain 23 pairs of chromosomes we saw that cells can divide by mitosis in mitosis one cell is copied into two identical cells and I'm showing you that here now there's one type of cell where the chromosomes are not paired these cells are called gametes and in humans the gametes are sperm cells and egg cells I'm showing you human gamete here and I should point out that this diagram is not the scale sperm cells are actually much smaller than egg cells you'll notice that in gametes the chromosomes are single not paired so human sperm and egg cells both contain 23 single chromosomes but again remember that this diagram only shows four chromosomes now a key fact that you need to learn is that gametes are made by a type of cell division called meiosis we'll be looking at meiosis in more detail in the next video unlike mitosis meiosis produces non identical cells in other words every sperm cell and every egg cell are different meiosis also takes place in flowering plants in this case the gametes are pollen and egg cells both animals and flowering plants carry out sexual reproduction so we're going to look at the features of sexual reproduction now the first key point that you need to understand is that sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes and the word fusion means joining scientists call this process fertilization so this shows a sperm cell joining with an egg cell now what that means is that in sexual reproduction there is mixing of genetic information in other words the off sperm see attic information from both the male and female parents now as we said before every gummy is different so this means that we can see variation in the offspring and we can see that with these puppies okay I'm showing you here on a food reproducing and this is an example of asexual reproduction so we're gonna look at that now in asexual reproduction there's only one parent so this aphid is the only parent of the offspring this means that a sexual reproduction does not involve gametes because there's only one parent there is no mixing of genetic information and the off sperm are all genetically identical scientists call these offspring clones now because asexual reproduction does not involve gametes meiosis does not take place asexual reproduction only involves mitosis I'm showing you another example of a saturate production here this plant reproduces by forming these tiny birds the birds drop off and grow into new plants the offspring plants are genetically identical to the parent in other words they're clones remember you'll find plenty of questions on sexual and asexual reproduction in my vision workbook and you can get that by click on the link above you [Music]