[Music] In this episode, I'm going to decode each of the individual candlestick shapes that create multi-pattern candlestick charts. Now, you probably already know most traders out there lose money. And what you might not know is most traders do not read candlestick charts and do not perform technical analysis the right way. And the result is that they get sell signals when they should be buying and they see buy signals when they should be selling. For those you guys who watch every episode on this channel, welcome back. You know that we're about to get into a fulllength training. My name is Ross Cameron. I'm a full-time trader and I took an account with less than $600 and turned it into more than $12.5 million of verified and independently audited trading profits. So, if you're ready to get started, let's go ahead and jump on screen share and dive right in. Now, I'm going to begin this episode with a little bit of inspiration just to show you what's possible. So, this is a candlestick chart right here. And on this chart, I can see a very clear buy signal. Where is it? The buy signal is right down here. Now, you may not see that yet. By the end of this episode, you'll recognize this pattern anytime you see it. This will become burned in your memory, which is a good thing because this is a pattern that generates a lot of profit for me and for other traders all across the market. Now, let me remind you as always, this is the universal language of the market, which means it doesn't matter if you're trading forex, futures, cryptocurrency, or you're trading stocks. Once you learn the language, you learn the individual building blocks, and you learn these patterns, you can apply them to any market. So, what we have here happens to be a stock. And the entry point is about $5.50. When this squeezes up right here, and then all the way to this peak here, it goes up about 30%. And it happens very quickly. In fact, it's my belief that learning how to read candlestick charts the right way unlocks your ability to predict price action in a sense to see into the future, even if only a few minutes into the future. So, this is an example here of a stock that had breaking news. I traded it and I locked up on this day $56,789.66. This is all based on reading candlestick patterns, interpreting what each of these candlesticks meant so I could see when it was time to buy before the big breakout. That's what's important and that's what gets so exciting. So that's $56,000 green day and I just wanted to sort of throw that out there just to get you a little bit excited about what you're about to learn. Okay, so let's talk about decoding the individual candlestick shapes. And I want to begin with the anatomy of how a candle is formed. Now, some of you guys, you're brand new to trading. That's awesome. I love it. I love being able to kind of start with a clean slate. Some of you guys have been trading for a little while. Maybe you picked up some bad habits along the way. That's okay. But take a step back. We're going to do a little crash course on how these candles are created, and now we're going to get into the individual candlestick shapes. So, this is a candlestick. Candlesticks have been around for hundreds of years. They were created in Japan to track the price of rice futures. So they've been around for a very long time. Today they are the most common type of chart that traders and investors use in the market. The way a candlestick is created is with four pieces of information. What are those pieces of information? Well, if you look at this this shape that's in front of us, there's the bottom, there's the top, and then there's the top of this body and the bottom of this body. So this is the body of the candle right here. This is called the upper candle wick and this is called the lower candle wick. Sometimes people will call it the upper tail or the lower tail, which is also fine. It's uh either way is fine. But in keeping with calling them candlesticks, we'll call these candle wicks for right now. So in order to create a candle stick, you need four pieces of information. So let's jump onto the whiteboard and let me break this down for you. So, we'll we'll draw out this green candle right here. So, we're going to have a green candle. We've got this, and we've got this. So, what are the four pieces of information? We've got the this one, this this price, this price, and this price. This is the low, this is the open, this is the close, and this is the high. So, each candlestick communicates and tells us is created from these four pieces of information. So let's just say for instance that the price opened way up here closed way down here. So just the open and close those two pieces of information would create that shape. What if the high of the candle was up here? If the high was up there then you connect that with a line which is the candle wick. And if the low is down there then you connect that with a line. So the candle being green or red is important because when it's red you know that it opened at the top and closed down at the bottom of the body. Whereas if it's green, you know it opened at the bottom and closed at the top, moving back higher. Now, something that's important to understand about candlesticks is that these are a way of creating a historical record of the price action. So, when we look at a candlestick chart, that candlestick chart is telling us all the prices that this instrument traded at over the course of the period of time that we're looking at. So candlesticks represent history and time. What time frame are we talking about? Well, most day traders are focusing on one minute and five minute charts. Those are the most common. So on a one minute or a five minute chart, every single candle would be that five minute or one minute period of time. So let's say this is a one minute chart. If this is a one minute chart, then this candle is all of the price action that occurred within 60 seconds. Within one minute. So, let's just sort of make a little hypothesis of how this candle might have formed. And so, what we're going to do is we're going to break down these 60 seconds into each individual second. So, we know that the open was here. What could have happened is the price moved up then moved down. We know that it created the low, right? So we have the points that are creating our most important um levels, the open, the low. Now currently this is the high, but then as the price moves up, right, it squeezes all the way up here. This is the new high and then finally it closes right there. So now we've got the high and we've got the close. Now, if you wanted to zoom in on an individual one minute candle to actually see all of this, you could do that with what's called a tick chart. A tick chart or a one second chart would actually show you every individual candle. The tick chart shows you every individual order that's going through the market that's creating the moves up and down. Now, I don't find it relevant or helpful in my own trading to use tick charts because they're jumping around so fast. You don't have time to visualize and really see patterns. So, most traders wait until one minute candles close. But what that means is that as the candle is forming, it's actively changing. Right? So, as this candle was moving up right in this moment, in this moment right here, it was open and green here, but the bottoming tail was here. And then as the price moved higher, each time it moved higher, the candle got a little bit bigger. So, in real time, as you watch candles form, you can see them getting bigger. Or if suddenly the price starts dropping down, then all of a sudden this turns into a little topping tail here as the price dips back down. So this is very interesting to watch this happen in real time because until this time uh time frame or time period ends that candle is still being created. So for instance something that I often do while I'm trading is I look at the clock. So what I do when I'm looking at the clock is I'm watching to see how many seconds are left on this candle. So let's say it's a one minute candle. And so the first candle for well for the stock market begins at 4:00 a.m. So at 4 a.m. the first candle begins because that's the pre-market open. So the first one minute candle closes at 40:01. So if I'm watching the time and I see that it's 4 a.m. and 50 seconds. 51 52 53 54. I know that candle is about to close. And once that candle closes, that shape is now printed in history forever. But in the as then as the next candle begins and it's 401 and one two three four five seconds that candle may initially look like a big green candle but there's still 50 seconds left where the price could drop and suddenly it changes from being a green candle to a red candle. So, there's sort of an interesting thing that happens where you can look at the historical charts of all the candles that have closed and and detect patterns. But then as you're getting ready to make a prediction of what's going to happen next, you actually have to watch in real time as the current candle is about to close to see what signal it's going to give you. And that's where we're getting going to get into the actual individual candlestick shapes, which is so exciting. So if an individual candlestick is created from four pieces of information, naturally the way those four pieces of information come together can drastically affect the shape of the candle. So this was a green candle where the open is at the bottom, the close is at the top. And then this is going to be a red candle where the open is at the top and the close is at the bottom. Now let me show you our first set of candlestick shapes. In fact, during today's episode, I'm going to share with you almost two dozen individual candlestick shapes. Some of them are created with a single individual candlestick. Some of them are created with two candlesticks and some of them are created with three candlesticks. The first single candlestick shape that I want to teach you is called the longbody candle. A longbody candle has, as the name indicates, a long body. So, what is the body of the candle? That's the middle part right here that is usually filled in and so it would be solid green. So a long body candle communicates strong sentiment. So let's think about that. The the B it doesn't matter what time frame we're on, but let's just say we're on a one minute time frame. So the candle opens, this is the open. We open right here and immediately the price begins to surge up and it keeps going higher. It keeps going higher until finally it closes way up here. It's a big solid green candle. So this is the open. This is the close. And this is also the low. So what ended up happening during this one minute period is the price opened. It basically went straight up. It really and although it's possible it dipped down for a second, it didn't. It clo what we know is that it opened at the low and it closed at the high. So this and this again is sort of the nuance where it is possible that inside this one minute candle in theory it's possible that the price could have gone way up come all the way back down and then gone all the way back up. But that's not very likely. You don't usually see that. It's not impossible. And so maybe to answer a potential question you would have is how do you know exactly what is happening inside this one minute candle? The only way to know would be to use a tick chart or to use a sub one minute chart like a 10-second, 15 second or 20 second chart or something like that or to use level two market data, the depth of market to actually watch the orders going through in real time as this candle is being created. So then you can see if the price actually did dip down very quickly before closing at the top. But generally speaking, most traders, even day traders who are using uh who are fastmoving time frames on the one minute chart don't feel the need to break it down into more detail. Most are happy just to see on the one minute that the candle closed green and what happened inside that candle. They don't worry about quite as much. So a longbody candle communicates really strong market sentiment. Now, if the price is going relatively sideways, just going sideways, and then all of a sudden, you get this big long body candle and maybe a couple others, what is that telling us about the market, right? It's clear as day. It's telling us that traders are coming into the market. They're buying. Perhaps there are short sellers who are covering. The way you cover a short position is to buy back shares. When you short a stock, you sell and you profit by buying them back at a lower price. But if the price goes higher, as you may recall in the case of GameStop, you got those huge green candle as the price went up higher and higher and higher. Melvin Capital lost something like $6 billion because they shorted GameStop thinking it would go to zero. But early traders who saw these big green candles forming, well, they kind of got that that first signal that the market was shifting and then eventually the big money, well, they they came in kind of at the very top. But nonetheless, this candle long body candle communicates strong market sentiment. But of course, a long body candle can also be red, communicating strong sentiment, but in the opposite direction where the price opens, never goes higher, just goes straight down and then closes at the low. So likewise, if you see a price going relatively sideways and then suddenly a big red candle, well that certainly indicates that sellers are coming in, people that own the stock are bailing out or whatever it is. again, futures, commodity, cryptocurrency, uh, pairs, etc. Uh, and and now we're going to get typically an extended sell-off. So, long body candles, it's the first candle that I want you to learn because it's the candle that communicates the strongest sentiment. And what we're actually going to start doing here, um, we'll just do it on this side, is I'm going to create a little, uh, sort of a like a meter of the most bullish candles to the most bearish candles. So, the strongest to the weakest. So, the weakest is going to be this uh long body red candle. There's not a candlestick shape really that's worse than that. Uh I mean, it's incredibly weak. And the strongest candlestick shape would be something like this. Uh it was a candlestick like this that cost Melvin Capital billions of dollars when all of a sudden on the daily chart, GameStop just kept going higher and higher and higher. Now, uh, earlier in this episode, and I'll just jump back here for one second, we talked about time frames. So, if most day traders are focusing on, uh, getting in and getting out within the course of a day, they're going to be focusing on five minute time frames and one minute time frames. Whereas um swing traders, who are traders that hold for a few days, uh will sometimes look at hourly, so hourly charts, which is like a a 60-minute chart and daily charts. So hourly and daily. And then um investors and long-term uh buyers in the market are primarily looking at daily charts. So here's something interesting about a daily chart. When does the daily candle start to form? Well, the daily candle for most financial instruments begins at the time that that market officially opens. So, for the stock market, it's 9:30 a.m. Eastern Standard Time. But for um currency pairs that trade overnight, then the candle is basically at the beginning of that trading session. And so, what's interesting is your daily candles close, at least in the stock market, every day at what time? 4:00 p.m. Eastern. So, let's say just for the sake of argument that it's 9:00 a.m. and we're going to I'm going to give you two charts sort of side by side. One is a daily and one is a five minute chart. So, on the daily chart, um we're going to have a large green candle here, but let's say it's it's 11:00 a.m. So, current time is 11:00 a.m. So, we've got a large green candle and the price uh came up on the fivem minute, pulled back, came back up, pulled back, came back up. Naturally, the pullback candles would be slightly red, but just for the sake of argument. So, this is a 5minute candle. So, if you were going to take a long-term investment here, well, it's early in the day to take that position because it's only 11:00 a.m. And let's say that all of a sudden by 400 p.m., right, the price has come back down. So, all of a sudden, the daily candle has changed from what at one time was green, a long long body green candle perhaps even. Now, it's going to be a red candle because it it opened. It's closing at the low and then we're going to have the we still have to connect the high. So now it's changed shapes entirely. We went from this to this. Now it's within the span of a few hours. And so you know what time of day a lot of investors look to acquire and and exit positions? It's between the hours of 3 and 4 p.m. because that's when the daily candle only has an hour left on it. So, it's starting to become pretty certain the general shape. It's going to be a long body green candle, perhaps a long body red candle or a candle that was green earlier, but now has taken a big turn and has rejected. So, that's something to keep in mind as day traders. It's not something that you have to worry about as much because you're really just focusing on the five minute and the one minute time frame. So, you know, your daily chart while you're trading, it's not at it's not insignificant completely, but it's not the focus. the focus is going to be on the shorter time frames right here. So, we would be trading in this area and then once it starts to pull back, well, we would just leave it alone. So, that's something that I just kind of want to comment on. All right. So, now let's jump back here to our bullish to bearish um sort of candlestick chart breakdown. So, we've got long body candles, green and red, and now we have shortbody candles. Okay, a short body candle, as you would imagine, it's got a smaller body, right? So, a short body uh candle here, a shorter body candle. Now, it could have a little upper candle wick, a little lower candle wick, you know, but typically nothing super significant, just a small little one. Um, so these are uh well, they're, you know, a green candle is bullish, but but to a lesser extent, uh certainly if it's smaller. Now, depends on how small the body is, but uh these are candles that just don't carry the same level of significance or um or sentiment behind them. So, let me show you an interesting example. Let's say for instance, as you can see on this chart here, um we start with a small body green candle. So, we have a small body green candle here and then the next one looks like this. Now, it's worth noting that when one candle closes, if this closes at $3, the next candle is going to open more or less at $3, right? So then this candle closes at 3:15, whatever. The next candle opens at about that same level. So that's why you see this sort of stairstepping pattern. Uh now in this case here, what message is being communicated by the market? Small body, but the bodies are getting bigger and bigger and bigger and bigger. So what we're seeing is that momentum is building, sentiment is increasing and gaining strength. So this is something that you would love to see if you were already in the position from a little bit earlier. But let me show you a different variation. Let's say we have long body candles here, but they're getting smaller. So what is this telling us in this context? Context is very important. So this is a small body candle. And the small body candle here in the context of it being smaller than the previous candles is telling us that the trend is starting to get exhausted. it's not moving up to the same level and we may be starting to worry about, you know, something like this happening where all of a sudden there's a shift in the trend and we begin moving back down and and that's sort of a medium candle and then we get a longer one and even longer one. But then once again, maybe it gets shorter and smaller and smaller and so what's starting to happen here? Well, maybe we're going to see one of these, right? And then it starts getting bigger and bigger. So, you get to watch these candlesticks as momentum is building. And the areas that we're going to get really focused on are the reversal points up here and down here. Because being a buyer down here would be wonderful. You've got relatively low risk. You're getting in near the low and you've got upside potential, right? Being a buyer up here, not so great. But you know what I'll tell you? A lot of traders get in right here. They get in right at the top because they capitulate. Capitulating in the market is when you give in. You see this thing's been going higher and higher and higher and finally you just buy it and you get in at the very top. This is an amateur mistake. This is what a lot of rookie traders do. They buy at the top, then they panic and sell at the bottom, right? They got in too high. So then when the price drops, they panic and sell, then it bases out, and then it goes back up and they do it again. I want to teach you to do the exact opposite where you're buying at the bottom and selling at the top of these moves. So now the candlesticks that we really need to pay attention to are the candlesticks that are indicating a possible change in trend where we're going from trending up to trending down or where we're going from trending down to trending back up. So, our small body candles can be an early indicator that a trend is beginning to increase if they're getting slightly larger than previous candles or that the trend is starting to decrease if they're getting slightly smaller than the previous candles. So, I think it's important to keep this in mind that these candlesticks that you're learning about in absence of context are not particularly helpful, right? it you need to sort of have the bigger picture of what's happening around in order to draw a conclusion. However, when we talk if I jumped right into teaching you these more complex candlestick patterns that have five or 10 candles to create them, that wouldn't be the right approach because the problem is you wouldn't understand what message is being communicated by just these individual candles that create the whole pattern. So, as part of giving you that holistic understanding and really building and setting a solid foundation for you, we're starting really by decoding each of these candles. So, we've got our long body candles, we've got our short body candles. Now, we have a dogee candle. And there are a few variations of dogee candles. So, what is a dogee candle? A dogee candle is a is considered a candle of indecision. A dogee occurs when the price basically opens and closes uh more or less at the same spot. So the price opens at $3 and closes at $3. You've got the same open and close. However, typically the price goes up and then the price goes down. So you end up having this battle that occurs. So we call it a candle of indecision because of the fact that there's this battle between buyers and sellers during this one minute whatever it is one minute one five minute period whether it's hourly period or a daily chart the price opened dropped down popped up and then closed at more or less the same price. So that indicates a lot of battle. Now, if you're looking at a chart that looked like this, imagine, let's just say for instance, that up here at the top, we'll just get rid of this for a second. Um, we'll just redraw these these top two candles or three candles. So, let's just imagine it kind of looks like this. Gets a little smaller, a little smaller, and then right here at the top, you have a candle of indecision, a dogee. I mean, it doesn't once you understand what's happening there, it doesn't get much clearer than that. This is so common that at the top of a move, you'll see a dogee. We we love seeing these because it's a very clear caution flag that the trend is about to shift. And usually the dogee is black because the open and close are the same. Now, if it's slightly green or slightly red, it doesn't really change the sentiment of what's really happening behind the candle, which is that there's a battle. Now, back down here at the bottom, if this candle down here was a dogee, that's even better for us because that's a very clear indicator that we should be buying down here. We had this trend that was very strong to the downside and then kind of softened and got weaker all the way to a dogee at the bottom. That is a reversal indicator. It's not a guarantee that there'll be a reversal, but it is an indicator. So this if this is an indicator, what confirms the reversal? What confirms our hypothesis? In this case, the confirmation would be the next candle being green, right? Because that tells us the reversal has now begun. Or this case, the red the next candle being red. The reversal has now begun. Now on this slide you can see a couple different variations of a dogee. So in a dogee candle the open and close are the same but in some instances you have a upper candle wick and in some instances you have a lower candle wick and in others you have both an upper and a lower candle wick. So let's talk about these different variations. All right so let's say here we've got this this pattern right here and this candle opens right. So we close right there. We open right about here. So that's our open. And then let's just say for instance, we squeeze up, but then we come back down and we close right here. All right. So if this is the shape of that candle, this is called this candle is a specific type of dogee. It's called a gravestone dogee. And it's an ominous name indicating well these names are ominous because they're trying to communicate what's about to happen. And so in this case, what's happened is the price opened, squeezed up, and is already reversing. So it closed basically if we zoomed in on this candle. We sort of zoomed in on this. What happened? The price opened, it squeezed up, it came all the way back down and closed here, which means the reversal in truth has already begun. So when the next candle opens right here, what's most likely to happen is it continues to reverse. So this is a very powerful reversal indicator. So therefore a gravestone dogee is going to be bearish. All right. So here we go. Gravestone dogee bearish right there. And I just have to draw that. Make it a little darker so you can see it really well. So that's our gravestone dogee. That is bearish. Uh and actually um let's see. I didn't add the standard dogee on this side. I'll just add it right here. um just just for right now. And that that's that's okay. Um actually that's perfect because um the next indicing tail. So that right there is a dragonfly dogee. All right. So now let's go back over here. So we had one variation where we've got the standard dogee where it's got a little upper line, a little upper candle wick and a little lower candle wick. And now I'm going to show you a different variation where it opens and closed at the same price, but during that one minute time the price dropped and then came back up. So it's the exact inverse of what happened there, right? So if we zoom in on this candle, what happened is the price opened, it uh sorry, we'll do it a little higher. It opened, it dropped back down, then it came back up right here, closed. That was the 60-second mark. And now the next candle opens, and it just continues higher. It's already begun bouncing. it's already begun reversing. So, while a dogee is an indicator of a reversal, a dragonfly dogee or a gravestone dogee really affirm that the reversal has already begun. And the next candle then going green, that immediately is the spot where I'm a buyer. Essentially, as soon as this candle turns green, even if there's only 3 seconds on it, I take my entry. My max loss is at the low of this pattern. Now, I wanted I don't want to get too deep on entries and exits just yet because I don't want to get ahead of ourselves, but uh in terms of these candlesticks, this one here is our dragonfly dogee. So, I'll just um start by naming these. So, long body, we've got our long body candle. We've got our short body candle. We've got our dragonfly dogee. So, the dragonfly dogee d. We've got our standard dogee. So, we'll just call that just a regular dogee. And then down here, we've got the same dogee. And then we've got our gravestone dogee. And we've got our short body. And then we've got our long body candles. Now, I should point out that a gravestone dogee um it it carries the most meaning when occurs at the top of a move up. A dragonfly dogee carries the most meaning when it occurs at the bottom of a move down. So although it's possible that you could have a um a dragonfly dogee happen up here, it would be it communicates still the indecision of a dogee where the candles open and close at the same price but drop down and then come back up. So it's not as bad as a gravestone dogee, but it's still a candle of indecision. And any degree of indecision when a trend is really when a when the price is really extended can indicate a reversal is about to happen. So a gravestone dogee at the bottom of a move down here again when the move when something is selling off and then you have a bit of indecision that doesn't that unfortunately this is still it's still indecisive. So it still indicates that there's a little bit of a battle going on. Buyers are starting to come in. it drops back down, but it's not as clear of a signal as we would like. So, in in the effort of keeping things simple, what we would prefer is to trade the s the single the the single candlesticks that communicate the clearest sentiment. So, a gravestone dogee, a dragonfly dogee. Now, I've got a book for you um that I'll let you I'll share with you here. Um, this is a book called uh, Thinking in Bets by Annie Duke, and I put it on my recommended reading list for all of our students here at Warrior Trading. Um, she's a professional poker player. And in this book, she talks about how her brother taught her how to play poker. And he taught her by sharing with her a set of hands that she should always play when she gets them. And so she was like, he's like, basically, these are the hands you play. Don't touch anything else. Anything else, don't play it. And so she did that and she said, 'Well, you know, I'm feeling confused because I'm seeing other players playing hands that are outside of what you told me to play. And he said, "Yeah, well, they've been doing this for a long time. You are a beginner. You start with the hands that have the highest probability of success." And I think that same way when it comes to teaching you how to trade, I'm going to teach you the candlestick patterns that have the highest probability. While there are some more complex patterns that you may even see me trade from time to time, that's not the the place to start as a beginner. As a beginner, you want to build a foundation and build confidence with the most with the patterns that give you the most predictable resolution. So that's going to be in this case here, the gravestone dogee at the high, the dragonfly dogee at the bottom. That's what we really want to pay attention to. So, all right. So, now we've got kind of our um our four candles here on the bearish and the bullish side. So, with dogee candles covered, let's go into our next candlestick pattern. And it is a spinning top candle. A spinning top, which you know based on kind of the idea that you spin it, it the spin spin spins. What is a spinning top doing? You don't know which way it's going to land, right? It's indecisive. So, a spinning top is another indecisive candle. And we're going to put that here. Usually the body is smaller, but it has a a larger upper and lower candle wick. So there's our spinning top right there. So larger candle wick right there. Candle of indecision. Now again, if you were up here and you saw a spinning top candle, I hope that you would say I should probably get out. While it's true that it closed slightly green in this case, if it closed slightly red, it still indicates indecision. And if it closes red, it obviously a little bit more indecision towards the sell side. So, it's a more bearish indicator. It's not as clear as your gravestone dogee, but it's still definitely showing a battle up here between buyers and sellers. Same thing down here. Whether it's red or it's green, the spinning top at the bottom of a move indicates that indecision is coming in. There's a tugof-war between buyers and sellers. So, we see spinning tops all the time. However, let me um let me paint another picture for you. Um what if let's just say for instance, we had a chart pattern that looked like this. We had a little dogee and then we had another dogee and then here we have a little spinning top candle and then we have another spinning top candle. What are these candles telling us? Well, in this period right now, this is sideways price action. Sideways price action already communicates that there's a bit of tugof-war and no one's winning. There's no trend. There's no strong momentum. So, anything that occurs in this area more or less in the context of the price going sideways is not significantly valid. Even if it's a small body candle, small body green candle, small body red candle, it's not meaningful until the price starts to break out. So, as I said before, the areas where we're paying a lot of attention are near the bottoms and tops or areas that could be a top and bottom because that's where we're about to see a change in trend and that's going to be where we want to be exiting positions or looking to buy new positions. So a spinning top candle of indecision can occur during sideways consolidation but is not very significant. However, when it occurs near the top or bottom of a move, it indicates we may be um approaching a reversal. Now we have what's called a hammer candle. So a hammer candle is kind of like a spinning top except it doesn't have um the upper candle wick. It's just the candle body with the lower candle wick. So what is a hammer telling us? The expression is that it's hammering out the base. So the low of that candle wick is obviously the price that buyers came in. The price that sold off and then buyers finally came in down here and said we like it and we're buying it back up. So there's a little bit of a basing action that's happening off that low point. So it's looks like a mallet and the idea is that it's hammering out a base. So, a hammer in the context of a sell-off. And this is a little bit of a more dramatic sell-off, but let's taper it down just a little bit. We'll make it a little softer. So, we're going to do another small body red candle. And then right here, this candle is going to open right here. And it's going to close right there. So, that candle by itself is a small body green candle. And the very fact that it's green communicates some positive sentiment in this context. But when you add in the bottoming tail, converting it into a hammer, that communicates a little bit more strength. So what the hammer is telling us is that we're basing out that we sold off, we rallied back up, and the next candle is going to open more or less at the high, right? And that is going to be your first candle of reversal. So, if we see a hammer forming and we see that there's 10, nine, eight, seven, six seconds left on this current candle, we may decide to go ahead and anticipate that the next candle is going to continue higher and take an entry right before this candle closes. So, we're in as this next candle opens and begin surging higher. So, the entry point here could even be right there on that candle or at the very beginning of this candle as it breaks the new high. This right here is our momentary change in trend. So hammer candles are something we pay extra close attention to. Now a hammer at the top of a move up where you have this candle, this candle, and then a hammer. That's a little tricky because now yes, on the one hand it sold off and buyers rallied it back up. It it the very fact that sold off in this context is not that great. Yes, it's good it closed at the top and maybe it'll continue higher. But traders are going to have a hard time feeling confident buying way up here after knowing it just dropped down. But in this context, traders feel more confident because they know that this is the low. So that's kind of my max loss down here and this making a new high looks good. And what's my profit target? It's a move back to the high a day. That's sort of the logical profit target. if the trend is continuing that this was a momentary pullback and then we're going to do another rally higher because this is how the markets trade. They go up and then pull back. Go up and then pull back. Go up and then pull back. So, we're watching the candles up here and the candles down here for our buys and our sells. So, this is when something is trending up. Now, obviously, if we see a shift where we are trending up, so we're going up and then right here we start to dip down. Right now, we're on the sell side. So, this is something where we're buying uh sorry, we're selling, we're buying, we're selling, we're buying, we're selling down here. We might be thinking about buying and then we have to sell. And now, as this comes back down and breaks that low, we're now shifting from trending up to trending back down. The fact that this didn't go to the next leg higher is that exit indicator. So, we certainly wouldn't keep holding this position. And in fact, some people may switch directions and go short right here. and then cover at the bottom and then short again right here and then cover at the bottom as you're stairstepping down. So that's trading the inverse direction coming back down which gets a little bit more complex but um just kind of gives you a sense of what we're looking at here with watching the trends and the bigger picture. So we've now got our hammer candle. I'm going to just put the label on it. So we've got the spinning top spinning top and then we've got our hammer All right, so we've got a couple more candles we've covered. Now, let's get into the next one. So, if a hammer at the very bottom is bullish, what is an inverted hammer mean? Well, an inverted hammer is very interesting. So, an inverted hammer is essentially you have this selloff right here. And we'll just clear this out so we can draw it a little bit more clearly. So, we sell off and then we have this green candle. And what ends up happening on an inverted hammer is that the candle makes a new high but then comes back down. The topping tail is bearish. In fact, anytime you see an upper candle wick, that's a bad thing. Generally, it's not good. It It's bearish. It means that the price pushed up, but came came right back down. So, unfortunately, a bearish candle like this is not good. Now, in this instance right here, if you have this uh long sell-off, it's selling off, it's selling off, and then you have this inverted hammer at the beginning, you might think, "Oh, we're in good shape, and then it squeezes up, but as it comes back down, it's not it's not good." So, if we zoom into this candle, it opened, it squeezed up, and then right here started coming back down before it closed. So if you were in this trade right in this area as the price began coming back down, what you would have seen if you were using the level two and the time in sales is a surge of sell orders suppressing the price back down, pushing the price back down and you would have seen the shape of the candle changing in real time before the candle closed. So what you would have had was an early signal that the shape is changing and sentiment is changing. So, an inverted hammer uh at the bottom of a move is not really a desirable pattern. It's not something that we would prefer to see. You will see it from time to time. However, now this is very interesting. What about this? This is actually literally the same exact candlestick shape. You've got the body with a topping tail, right? So, in this context, this is a very strong reversal indicator. So, what it's showing us is that we had this nice rally up where the price squeezed. Let's come over here. So, um just get rid of this for a second. And we'll we'll just back this up a little bit. Make this fresh. So, we had this candle and then uh we had this green candle which opened. This was the body and then boom, we've got that upper candle wick. So, what happened inside that candle? Inside that candle, the price opened. It squeezed, came back down, and closed right here. So the shape therefore is with that topping tail, right? So that's the shape. Now it could be red or it could be green. But what's telling us is that a reversal has begun. So if this is a green candle, the reversal has begun. The next candle is going to open right here. And if it continues down, then immediately it's a red candle, right? So now we've got a red candle forming. And the second it breaks the low of that previous candle, now you've got a confirmed reversal. the the confirmation is when a candle actually breaks the low of the previous candle. So while a stock is moving and again I say stock but it could be any financial instrument. While the price is moving higher, you've got a green candle. Next candle opens and it breaks the high surging higher and it breaks the high surging higher and then you get smaller candles. And so the first candle that breaks the low of the candle moving lower, that's bearish. So now we're in a bearish pullback and this continues to be bearish. What would make it not bearish would be the first candle opening and breaking the high, the first candle to make a new high. And now that's the reversal moment right there. And so that's the spot where we're focusing on. First candle to make a new low, first candle to make a new high. And is there a way that we can make a more accurate prediction of when this is going to happen? Is it going to happen here or here or here or here? And that's where we're using, oh, we've got a little bit of a hammer formation here, or oh, we've got a shooting star or we have a dogee. That's giving us that early signal that there's already a tug-of-war. So, we can position either getting out or getting into a trade before you get that big swing. Because once you get the big swing coming back down or going back up, if by the time you see it, it's already happened, then you've missed a good entry, right? So, you want to get better at seeing these in real time so you can be in the position sooner. So, a shooting star candle is a bearish candle and it's called even though it's an inverted hammer in the context of an uptrend, it's called a shooting star. Shooting stars come back down to earth. So, now we're going to go back over here. A bearish candle is going to be a shooting star. So, uh we'll just put that on this side. And again, it could be green, it could be red, but we're just going to make it um red for right now. So we had our spinning top which um spinning top and then shooting star. In fact, what we could have done here if we really wanted to get super detailed is we could have um made some bullish, some bearish and some somewhat neutral in the middle. Um because there because some of these are sort of neutral. I mean in the sense that we have the same candle on here twice like a spinning top and a dogee. Um the gravestone dogee is more bearish. The dragonfly dogee is more bullish, but the spinning top and the dogee are both um relatively neutral. So, I'll just put them right here. We'll just do a neutral column in the middle. And we'll just put for right now the dogee and the spinning top candle, which could be of any color, green or red. So, we'll just we'll just do that for right now. And maybe that'll make some space because we do have more candles to fill in. All right. So, that was our shooting star candle. Here is a hanging man candle. Now, wait a second. That's a hammer. Why are we calling it a hanging man? Well, you're right. It is a hammer. We only call it a hammer when it occurs at the bottom of a sell-off because a hammer is hammering out the base. A hanging man is well, I don't need to tell you what's going to happen. It's not good to be in that situation and the price is likely to come back down. So, a hanging man. We've got the small body and this lower candle wick. So, yes, the price dropped, rallied back up, but then closed. Now, if it closes red, it's far worse than closing green because if it closes red, it just it shows us that we've got this tugof-war. Now, it's true that in fact, a shooting star is more ominous than a hanging man. Um, so, you know, I I'm not the one who named these candles, though. These have had names for a long time, so you could nitpick on that. But nonetheless, um we're going to put a hanging man candle over here on the bearish side. So that's we would typically call it a hammer, but in the context of an uptrend, it's a hanging man. So hanging man candle. All right. So now we've got another to add to our list. Now, by the way, to make things easy for you, I actually have a PDF handout that has this legend on it right here. That's all nice. You can print it out. So, even though I'm kind of doing it here, which is great, if you click the the link that's pinned at the top of the comments and in the description, you can download my technical analysis PDF. And I've got a series of PDFs on technical analysis, reading candlestick charts, and this um diagram or chart of each of these individual candlestick chart patterns uh with the name of the pattern. So, make sure you guys check that out. So, this is the hanging man candle. So now the next one is uh now so now we're going to get into two candle shapes and let me just say that a lot of these although it's the single candle this is a hangingman candle it requires the context of this uptrend right so the inverted hammer the hammer they all require the context two candlestick shapes uh two candle shapes so candles created with two candles um still require some greater context the first one we're going to talk about is a tweezer top. All right. So, think about a pair of tweezers. You've got the little pinchers. And so, what you've got here are uh basically at the top of an uptrend, two candles with little topping tail candle wicks. And this is typically a reversal indicator. So, it's a bearish indicator. When you have a tweezer top, basically what happens is the price came up, dropped back down. So, in this case, you've got a shooting star, which is bearish. And then the next candle comes up and does it again. So you could call it a double shooting star. Um you could you could come up with a better name for it, but like I said, I didn't name these candles. These are the um the names that have been given to them. So uh we'll just go with it. So now we're going to do right here. Um we've got the green and the red. Uh either way, and this is going to be our tweezer top. So tweezer top. Now, what we're going to have to do is create the same on the other side, which is a tweezer bottom, right? So, tweezer um bottom, and this one was the top. So, naturally, the tweezer bottom is going to occur at the bottom of a sell-off. So, we've got the stock or whatever it is selling off. You've got the two hammers back to back. That's a bottom. You wouldn't prefer to see the second hammer. you would have preferred that the price just rally right away. But on the other hand, the fact that it double bottomed shows that it's really unable to break lower. It tried to break lower and it couldn't break lower. So now we we actually have a bit of a position of strength. So we'll just do the first one in red for the bottom and the second one in green. So this is our tweezer bottom right here. So this is a two candle pattern. It is again an indicator of a reversal. The next one is called the morning star pattern. All right. So a morning star is a pattern that is more common on daily charts. The reason it's more common on daily charts is because it's sort of presumes that this is the close and it opens way down here. How do you open at a significantly lower price than the previous close? And the way that happens is through what's called a gap. So if the price has been selling off, so this is one day of time and then the next day the price might open a a little bit lower because overnight there was more uh there was more news that came out and then it opens a little bit lower yet again and a little bit lower. Let's just say yet again, not but not too much. And then the next day it opens significantly lower but then rallies. Right? This rally, this hammer with a bottoming tail in this context is called a morning star pattern. This is a daily pattern. And by the way, since you see it, this is the happiness advantage. This is a book that I think you guys would also enjoy. You can get it on audiobook if you'd like. This has just been sitting there. All right. So, uh, this is a reversal indicator. It's a daily chart. So, we take this chart. We take this trade between what time? 3 and 4 p.m. when that candle is about to be closed. Therefore, making it an official part of the history of this chart. and we're we're buying there. And what we're looking for and hoping for is that the next day we start to rally back up. So, uh this is more of a daily setup. And what's important is that this hammer is really sort of outside the low the because of the way it gapped slightly down. So, a morning star candle. Uh and we'll just uh go, we're running out of space here. So, we're going to have to start getting into um this area. So, we're going to do that right here. Uh, so we've got our sell off right here. We're just going to do this at the top. One, two, three. And then the hammer at the bottom. And then, uh, one, two, three. So, that's going to be our, uh, morning star. So, now that's a bullish pattern. And then on this side, we're going to have the the evening star, the exact opposite, where the price has been moving higher. And then finally, you get a candle that opens well outside, but you've got that topping tail. Let me draw that a little bit better. You've got that topping tail right there. And then now we're starting to come back down. So that one's going to be called the evening star. So a morning star and an evening star. Bullish and bearish. All right. Now, if we jump back onto the screen share here, you'll see the morning star and then you'll see the evening star. All right. So, this assumes this requires um this previous candle to have been essentially significantly lower, then it opens higher, but then sells off. So, that's a reversal indicator. Now, uh there's the same two patterns when that candle instead of being a shooting star or a hammer is instead a dogee in which it's called a morning dogee star or an evening dogee star. So, a morning dogee star or an evening dogee star equal essentially. And we could say morning star. And we could actually just I'll just do slash dogee. Uh oops. D O ji sling star evening star slash dogee just to sort of show just to save space. But this could easily be a dogee at the top. And it still carries the same significance that we're likely to see a reversal coming back down. So it could be either the dogee or the hammer. And this could be either the dogee or the shooting star. One or the other. And I know that we're getting a little tight on space here. Uh so you guys will get that. I encourage you to download the PDF. And hey, if you already download it, you can print it out and then you can take some notes on that PDF as we're continue to go through this class. All right. So that's our evening star, dogee star. So a bearish pattern. Now, this is the next pattern that I'm going to show you. It's called a bullish engulfing pattern. And this is also common on daily charts because it requires the gap lower. So what's happening on this pattern is the previous day is a red day opened closed. The next day has to open below the bottom of this candle and close above it thus fully engulfing it. So the buyers overpower all of that selling. And this is a very strong bullish candle. Now this doesn't usually happen on a on a intraday chart like a one minute chart because well think about it. How how could it happen? So, let's just say the price has been moving higher right here, squeezing up, and then trend exhausts. We have We'll just do a um I'll just do a small little hammer candle there, or sorry, a shooting star candle. Then we pull back a little bit. We pull back a little bit. So, in order to have a bullish engulfing candle, this candle would have to open lower, which it doesn't usually. Usually, it opens at more or less the same price that it closed. So, it has to open lower and then close higher. the it's just doesn't typically happen that in that exact second when this candle closes and the next one opens it suddenly the price drops to give the opportunity for that bullish engulfing candle to form. So typically a bullish engulfing candle does not occur on an intraday chart but it does occur on um on daily charts. So we've got um a selloff here and then the next candle is fully engulfing it on this side. The bearish engulfing is when the red candle fully engulfs coming back down. So that is a very strong very powerful reversal candle. Essentially you have a long body candle that is larger than the previous candle which is um short body. So now we've got our uh bullish. So bullish engulfing and bearish engulfing those two candles. All right. So those are our next two. Um and and these are again require a uh it's a two candle pattern. It requires at least two candles to form. So that's the bullish engulfing and this is the bearish engulfing. obviously communicating extreme weakness in this context. This is not something you would typically like to see. What would cause this on a daily chart typically would be that overnight there was some type of news that was positive enough that the price opened higher, but then as investors circulated the news, they realized, well, it's not actually that good. uh or in fact maybe additional news comes out that is not good and then the price sells off all day long. Now let's talk about three candle shapes. So these are shapes created with a minimum of three candles. The first is called three white soldiers. Now in the older days of candlestick charts when people would print them out but before they had color printers um they would be black or white. So green candles would just be white and red candles would be filled gray and and would print black. So it was just black and white. So this is like old time stuff. So from those old times, three white soldiers considered in this case a a strong bullish sentiment. You've obviously got a lot of momentum behind it. I think that's fairly self-explanatory. This is very bullish. Uh however, you don't really want to be a buyer at the top because you would you've extended, you know, you're in too high. But nonetheless, three white soldiers is three large green candles in a row and three black crows is when you have uh three large red candles in a row. So this indicating obviously strong sentiment and strong selling pressure. So these were our two candlestick patterns. So now we'll do um this one here. One, two, three. And we'll do this one here. One, two, three. Uh, well, we'll start it a little bit higher. So, one, two, three. So, this was um three white uh soldiers. And this one here was um three black crows. Okay. So, now we've got those ones um filled in there. All right. So, those are three candle patterns. And now this one uh is starting to get into a pattern that may be more familiar to you. It's called the rising three. So the rising three essentially occurs when you have at least one green candle here. You want to see one green candle, then three candles of pullback before the next candle moves higher. So this is a consolidation pattern. And it's funny because they call it three, they call it rising three. um even though in fact they're they're pulling back. The more modern uh terminology for this pattern is called a bull flag. You get the flag pole and the sideways consolidation and then we're a buyer at the first candle to make a new high. But the classic term for it is rising three. So it indicates the price has moved up. You have three candles pulling back, but they're still holding this level and basing out. We're now looking for the next to move higher. And this is a falling three where you've got the big sell-off candle and then a minor bounce and that but it's it's only a minor bounce because it doesn't come all the way back up and it really is just before the next leg back down. So in this context we're on these sort of waves back down. So we have the falling three and then we sell falling three and then the sell. Whereas on the other side, we had the rising three where we were squeezing up the rising three and then up the rising three and then up the rising three. So I like the rising three in terms of buying to the long side. And it is interesting because what you can have happen is you can have three white soldiers and then you can have a rising three. So three white soldiers are rising three and then three more white soldiers going back up. And it's very common that when we start to get into these patterns that you'll see the same number of candles. It'll be three candles going up, two candles coming down, three going up, two coming down. But if the pattern happens to be two going up, three going down, two going up, three going down, that traders tend to expect that that pattern will remain. And so that requires you even though you have all this knowledge of of what is typical to also pay attention to what this financial instrument is displaying because it can have its own sort of um rhyme and reason for this sort of um re why it's doing two and three and it's just because it's it has done that and so now it continues to do that as people just come to expect that continuation. So, we have here our um three white soldiers. And then we've got our rising three. One, two, three before the next move up. And then we've got our falling three here, which was one, two, three before the next drop down. This is traditionally called a bare flag. Um and this is um so rising three also known as bull flag lag more traditionally. And this down here is called our um let's see falling three or a bare flag. Again these are all going to be in the PDF handout for you guys. All right. So, now we're going to look at how individual candlesticks combine to form multicandlestick patterns. This is where the rubber really meets the road. So, what my day typically looks like is I'm sitting down pretty early, Eastern Standard Time. I usually sit down around 6:45, 7:00 a.m. Now, I could sit down as early as 4:00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time if I wanted to because that's when the US market opens. And I focus on trading stocks. As I said several times through this episode, you may apply this to forex, cryptocurrency, futures, large caps, doesn't matter. Whatever you choose is fine because this is a universal language. But my routine is to sit down fairly early and I focus on trading stocks that have breaking news. So you have a company that comes out with earnings or maybe a biotech company that has clinical trial results or FDA FDA approvals or something like that. That can create a big catalyst. It is a big catalyst. So, in this example right here, we have a a pharmaceutical company that has come out with breaking news. So, you can see I'm up on this um $11,000 on that particular day. Now, what's interesting about this, if we start to get a little bit dialed into these patterns, what are you seeing here? Probably one of the first things your eye is drawn to are these topping tails, those upper candle wicks. And they are no doubt bearish. It pops up, it sells off. It comes back up again. It sells off and then right here something interesting happens. It rallies back up and it's able to hold this level. So you could almost say that right there you have what would we call that? A rising three, the rising three pattern. Now it's not perfect, but you know, no two snowflakes are alike. No two patterns are exactly alike. It's a it's a rule of thumb. And clearly the sentiment exists that we have um the the the three white soldiers rallying up and then you've got this little pullback right here, the rising three and that creates this opportunity for the next leg higher. Now at this point we pull back a little bit and then we rally up here in an even bigger way and we get this nice move. Now let's look at another little example here. This is a stock where we got this uh three white soldiers and then we didn't quite get a rising three. In this case, we got a rising two. We had two candles of pullback and traders weren't willing to wait any longer. This is something that went from $2 to nearly $6 a share very quickly. 200 300% moves. Wow. That's definitely there's a catalyst behind it. And so this little pattern here, that pullback pattern was an indicator to be a buyer. Now, then we had uh actually it was a let's see, we had um one, two, three, four black crows. As it turns out, we have this strong selloff, then sort of a slow rally back up, but not very convincing. Kind of pops up, pops up, drops down. And to be honest, I wouldn't trade any of this. None of this looks that interesting to me. I get very picky about what I'm willing to trade. My only trade on it was right there on that pattern. Now, here's another one. Look at this. So, here you've got this long stretch up from $2 a share to 10 bucks. Breaking news. And on this rally, it squeezes higher. Then you have a little bit of a couple topping tails here, showing the price pushing higher, dipping down, a little bottoming tail here. Typically, we would say that's a hanging man candle. And yet, it pushed even higher, which is surprising. It then has a spinning top right there, a pullback, it pops back up, and what do we have? Well, it's a a type of shooting star, right? Pops up, drops back down. It's still at the relative top of a move. So, this one's a little bit trickier, although there were some opportunities to trade it. Not a super easy one, a little more complex. This one, you've got that same kind of trending up, a little dogee at the top, right? Maybe a small spinning top, dips down, back up, dips down, back up, another little topping tail, another little topping tail. These topping tails keep indicating it pushes higher and then drops. And then here it rallies back up. You've got the rising three pushes higher. Rising two pushes higher. So now what I want to do is I'd like I'd like to give you a little pop quiz. So if we look at this right here, you can see no doubt you've got this rally, this little pullback, and what kind of candle's that? You give me the candle. It's a spinning top. So a spinning top in this context, it's an indicator of a reversal. First candle to make a new high. Would you buy there? I hope so. What's your max loss? Low of that pullback. Right? See, when you're doing these pullback trades, you stop at the low of the pullback. So, your your pullback is here. That's your max loss. Your profit target is a retest to the high. So, now let's look at another one. So, right here, this rallies up. It pulls back. You've got a gravestone dogee at the top. And then right after it, you have a small hammer. So, where's your entry? First candle to make a new high, which is this green candle. The second it breaks the high of the red candle. Now, you can know the high, the red candle by looking at it. When you put your mouse over a candle, you'll see the open, the high, the low, and the close. So, I check the high of that candle. Let's say it's 489. And I say, okay, that's my entry. My max loss is the bottom of the candle, the low, and I'm buying right here. And look at that rally from 490 all the way to 570. So, that would have been a solid trade. What about this? Now, this is very interesting because this one kept getting pullback, pullback, pullback, and you could have traded each one of these. The first candle to make a new high kept working and it kept pushing higher from $3 to $10 in one day. So, now here we go. We've got the pop quiz. What do we do? Are you a buyer right here? So, we've got three or four green candles in a row, a little bit of a spinning top, and right here we've got a red candle, a small little lower candle wick. So, it's not a confirmed dogee. It's not a hammer, but it's a small candle. What? Small body candle. Next candle pulls back. All right. So, let it pull back. That's your bottoming tail. That would have been your entry right there. You wait for that first candle to go green. You don't want to get in too early. You want to wait. Wait for that first candle to go green. So, that was a little trick question because if you bought right there before the next candle broke, you would have been in too early. It would have sold off. You wait for that first candle to go green. Let's look at the next one. So here, this nice rally up. So what do we do here? If this candle goes green, we are definitely a buyer, right? We've got our hammer at the bottom with that bullish bottoming tail. That's an entry. And there's the move from 360 all the way back up to $5 a share. What about this one? This last pullback worked and it rallied. This one has a bottoming tail. If the next candle is red, we wait. But if the next one's green, we buy. The next one's green. That's the entry right there. And this is a break through the high. Very nice. And you could have taken that little trade right there. So, this is now giving you a flavor of what this looks like when you apply each of these individual candlestick shapes. You understand their meaning and you put them in context. Now, I'm going to give you share with you a little bit of a secret. The secret is that everything you've learned today is going to work the best when you apply it to the right financial instrument. So what is the right financial instrument? The right financial instrument is one that is volatile, one that is moving today. So my focus while trading stocks is to trade the leading percentage gainer each day in the entire market. There's thousands and thousands of stocks and each day I focus on trading the number one, number two, really whatever is in the top of the leading percentage gainers. Those are typically stocks that have breaking news. They're typically stocks that are lower priced. It's easier for a $2 stock to go up 400% in one day than a $40 stock. So, they're typically lower priced. They typically have news. They generally have really high volume. And because they have that high volume, there's a lot of traders watching them, waiting for these patterns. And as the pattern starts to form and you start to get that move back up, there's a lot of traders that are sitting there ready to buy it. They're short sellers who are going to cover it. And we've got a lot of volatility, a lot of volume, and we get good resolution. So, if you're in the crypto world, focusing on the currencies that are the most volatile today, that are the top percentage gainers and that have the most volume. Same with forex pairs. Same with futures contracts. You focus on what is obvious in the market right now. Now, as much as we've covered here, and I do hope you download the PDF so this is easier for you to maintain, keep and keep track of, there is so much more to learn. So, here's where we go next. Now that we've decoded the meaning behind these individual candlestick shapes, we've got to get into the details of these multi-candlestick patterns. And so I'm going to put a link right here to my next episode that I would encourage you to watch, which is where I share with you and teach you my three most profitable candlestick chart patterns that I use in my own trading every single day. I'm excited to keep teaching you. Make sure you check out that episode. And you know what? I'll put a link to another episode right here, which is my fulllength training on how to start day trading in the event that you're interested in day trading stocks like I do. Reminder as always, trading is risky. My results aren't typical, so please manage your risk and always practice in this simulator before putting real money on the line. Now, don't forget to subscribe to the channel. That way, you'll get the notification when new episodes go live. [Music]