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Particle Kinetics Overview

Sep 23, 2025

Overview

This lecture covers the kinetics of particles in Chapter 13, focusing on Newton’s second law, equations of motion, and example problems using different coordinate systems.

Mechanics of Particle Kinetics

  • Kinetics studies the relationship between motion and the forces causing it.
  • Focus is on analyzing the motion of particles under applied forces.

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

  • Newton’s second law: Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma).
  • Law applies to individual particles and systems of particles.

Equations of Motion (EOM)

  • The equation of motion describes how a particle’s velocity and position change due to applied forces.
  • EOM can be written as ΣF = ma for a single particle.
  • For systems of particles: motion is considered by summing forces and masses for all particles.

EOM in Rectangular Coordinates

  • Rectangular coordinates use x, y, and z axes to resolve vector components.
  • Acceleration and forces are broken down into respective x, y, and z components for easier calculation.

EOM in Normal and Tangential Coordinates

  • Normal and tangential coordinates follow curved paths, with tangential direction along motion and normal direction perpendicular.
  • Forces and acceleration can be split into these directions, useful in circular or curved motion analysis.

Example Problems

  • Example 1 demonstrates applying EOM in rectangular coordinates for a particle under a known force.
  • Example 2 applies EOM in normal and tangential coordinates, involving a 900 lb weight towing two carts.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Kinetics — The study of forces and their effect on motion.
  • Equation of Motion (EOM) — Mathematical expression relating forces, mass, and acceleration.
  • Rectangular Coordinates — Coordinate system using perpendicular axes (x, y, z).
  • Normal and Tangential Coordinates — Directions aligned with and perpendicular to the path of motion.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Complete Homework 3 as assigned.
  • Review example problems from Chapter 13.
  • Read textbook sections on EOM in rectangular and normal/tangential coordinates.