Lecture Notes: Kafka's "The Metamorphosis"

Introduction to Franz Kafka and the Novella

• Author: Franz Kafka
• Work: "The Metamorphosis"
• Publication Year: 1915
• Genre: Novella, Absurdist fiction
• Themes: Alienation, identity, family dynamics

Plot Overview

• Main Character: Gregor Samsa
  • Wakes up transformed into a giant insect
  • Struggles with his new identity
• Family: Deals with the impact of Gregor's transformation
  • Includes his parents and sister, Grete

Key Themes and Motifs

• Alienation and Isolation
  • Gregor's transformation symbolizes extreme alienation
  • Physical change reflects emotional and social isolation
• Identity and Self-Perception
  • The struggle with self-identity post-transformation
  • Family's perception versus Gregor's self-view
• Family Dynamics
  • Changes in family roles and power dynamics
  • The family's dependence on Gregor shifts
• Absurdism and Existentialism
  • Highlights the absurdity of life
  • Raises existential questions about purpose and meaning

Character Analysis

• Gregor Samsa
  • Represents the everyman
  • Experiences a crisis of identity and alienation
• Grete Samsa
  • Gregor’s sister
  • Transitions from caring to distant as the story progresses
• Mr. and Mrs. Samsa
  • Struggle with accepting Gregor's new form
  • Reflect traditional family expectations

Symbolism

• The Insect
  • Symbol of Gregor's alienation and loss of humanity
• The Door
  • Barrier between Gregor and the outside world
  • Represents isolation and separation
• Food
  • A symbol of care and rejection
  • Changes in Gregor's appetite reflect his dehumanization

Conclusion

• Impact of "The Metamorphosis"
  • A classic work exploring deep psychological and existential themes
  • Continues to be analyzed for its rich symbolism and commentary on human nature
• Kafka's Legacy
  • Influential in the realms of modern literature and existential thought
  • Offers a haunting look at the struggles of identity and alienation in the modern world