did you know that you have been using the subjunctive since the beginning of your spanish journey let's talk about it they speak spanish with paula sieres today's video is going to be in english because we are talking about the subjunctive and he wants you to focus on the topic rather to trying to get and translate what i'm saying okay we are going to see the difference between the indicative and the subjunctive you really need to get down the differences okay then we're going to move on to the elements that are present in a subjunctive sentence and finally we're going to learn how to conjugate the verbs in the present of the subjunctive estas list first we need to get the difference between a mood and a verb tense why because the subjunctive is not a verb tense but a mood ok so a grammatical mood reflects the speaker's added to towards a statement okay and in spanish we have three moods the indicative the imperative and the subjunctive by the other hand a grammatical tense of verb tense refers to when the action takes place okay present past future three times says three moods so the mood is the attitude and the tense is when the action takes place now let's take a look to the difference between dedicative and the subjunctive the indicative is used to present objective facts things that are happening will happen or already happened okay so to talk about things that are objective certain and this includes facts descriptions or schedule events now this subjunctive is used to talk about things that are subjective okay things that are possible to happen but not certain this includes things like doubts wishes recommendations and even opinions about the likelihood of other events occurring for instance when you give a recommendation or advice or you want someone else to do something you don't know if they're going to do it if they're going to follow your advice you hope they do but the outcome is not certain at the end of the day they have the option to do it or not so it is possible to happen but not certain same happen with adults you are not sure about it might be true or not so there's an uncertainty around it let's see some examples to figure out the differences between the indicative and the subjunctive if i say alfonso estudia espanol it is indicative why listen carefully from the speaker's point of view the idea that studies spanish is a fact from the speaker's point of view now if i say esposible que alfonso estudia espanol why from the speaker's point of view the idea that alfonso studies spanish it's possible could be true or not so there's an uncertainty around it what about if i say estoy segura que alfonso estudias it's indicative why from the speaker point of view there's no doubt that alfonso studies spanish no doubt about it but if i say dudo que alfonso estudi espanol dudo que alfonso es tudi it is subjunctive why because from the speaker's point of view there's doubt about it there's doubt that alfonso studies spanish okay listen you could say something really crazy that everyone knows that is not true but if you present it as a true as a fact from your point of view you use the indicative let me give you an example estoy segura que los perros pueden bolar si estoy segura que los perros pueden bolar we all know is not true right but i don't care about the universal truth i'm just saying that i'm really sure that the dogs can fly okay that's my true from my point of view that's a fact and you might say paula no creo que los perros pueden volar yo no creo que that's subjunctive because there's doubt in the statement okay so the indicative expresses something that you believe is a fact it is true no matter what the subjunctive is something for the hypothetical situations doubts wishes when you give a recommendation and you don't know if they're going to follow it or not okay when you want someone to do something but the outcome is uncertain to you all right that's when we use the subjunctive one more thing to keep in mind is that the subjunctive cannot exist alone okay other elements has to be present in the sentence in the statement see basically three elements number one two subjects most of the subjunctive sentences have two subjects one in the main class and another in the secondary class okay the attitude of the subject in the main clause is what triggers the use of the subjunctive in the secondary clause let's see [Music] something to happen okay but i know that it's going to happen am i sure that it's going to happen i don't know could it happen or not okay that's why it's subjunctive joe the first subject quiero it's a word that triggers the subjunctive que tu second subject okay do something in this case cosines and i'm saying most of the subjunctive sentences because there are cases where we only use one subject okay for instance [Music] is the same subject okay but don't worry about it we're going to see all the multiple uses in future lessons the second element is a relative pronoun and the most common one is k okay what it does is to join the two sentences the two ideas the two statements okay yo quiero and basically we use the relative pronoun to join the two sentences because in spanish we cannot have two conjugated verbs together okay so we cannot say yo quiero cosines la sena manana quiero cosines is not possible okay and finally two verbs one in the indicative that goes in the main clause and the other one in the subjunctive in the secondary clause [Music] which is a verb that triggers the use of the subjunctive and cosinar yo quiero que the key thing to remember is that the verb indicative has to trigger the use of the subjunctive okay and how do you know the verbs that trigger the use of the subjunctive well you could use the acronym weirdo weirdo to categorize the verbs that trigger the use of the subjunctive and remember these weirdo verbs go indicative the second verb on the secondary clause is the one that goes in the subjunctive okay keep in mind that will though it stands for wishes emotions impersonal expressions recommendations doubts and our magic word i'm making a video for each one of these weirdo categories in the future lessons okay but the idea of today's video is for you to get a difference between the indicative and the subjunctive and to learn how to conjugate the subjunctive in the present okay so let's take a look to the conjugation to conjugate regular verbs in the present of the subjunctive we follow three simple steps number one conjugate the verb in the jaw form of the present indicative this is a crucial step okay so if we have hablar comer bibir you conjugate it in the jaw form of the present indicative hablo como bibo then number two we're going to take off we're going to drop the final o in the conjugation okay and finally add the following endings depending on if the verb is a-or e-r or i-r so for the a-or verbs we have e [Music] n notice that for the joe form and el ella usted form they share the same ending e okay and then the er and i or verbs share the same stuff so we have a as a amos [Music] and here again the jaw form and the el eja usted form share the same ending let's take the verb cosinar we conjugate it in the jaw form of the present indicative and we have cosino then we drop the final o and we look for the ending according to the subject we are using if i want to say you cook would be cosines cosines okay and one more time we have our example yo i highly recommend you to conjugate the verb in the jaw form of the present indicative as the first step why because if the verb has a spelling change in the jaw form of the present indicative it will have it in the present of the subjunctive not only for the jaw form but for all the subjects even nosotros and vosotros for instance the verb poner poner when i conjugated for the jaw form in the present indicative it is pongo pongo okay we drop the final o and we conjugate it depending on the subject we want to use for instance or nosotros pongamos okay so that change in spelling is going to be present in all the subjects that's why it's really important for you to conjugate the verb in the jaw form of the present indicative okay so you could say in the subjunctive quiero another one the verb acer acer ago would be the jaw form in the present indicative then we drop the final o and for instance i could say again for ellos ella's ustedes agan okay for instance quiero que agan la tarea quiero so that works for the go verbs and even for the stem-changing verbs for instance the verb pedir pedir i conjugate it in the jaw form of the present indicative and i have piro piro so notice that the e in the verb pedir changes to an eye piro then we drop the final o and you conjugate for all the subjects in the present of subjunctive for example for el ella usted would be pita pita for exa one more the verb conducive to drive conducive we have condusco in the present indicative for the jaw form condusco then you drop the o so you could say conduskas for tu in the present of subjunctive okay for instance no by the way at the beginning of the video i was saying that you've been using the subjunctive since the beginning of your spanish journey why look at this [Music] when you were learning how to say have a good day this is expression que tengas um dia so tengas is in the present of the subjunctive and why is subjunctive well because i wish you to have a good day but i don't know the outcome at the end of the day i don't know if you're going to have a good day or a bad one okay i wish you have a good day but the outcome the result is uncertain that's why we use the subjunctive and of course we have irregular verbs but don't worry there are only six irregular verbs they are dar [Music] [Music] if you look closely they form the verb dishes so it may be helpful for you to remember the six irregular verbs in the present of the subjunctive dishes [Music] so as i said the idea of today's video was for you to get down the difference between the indicative and the subjunctive okay and i hope you did i hope you got it all right in the future lessons in the next videos i'm going to break down the multiple uses of the different categories where we use the subjunctive all right don't be scared don't worry it's just another step on your spanish journey [Music] [Music] ciao