foreign so let's talk about the terms related to a ship well let's study parts of the ship so Hull is the main body of the ship here you can have a look and this is the main body of the ship this is called Hull well Hull can be divided into three part the forward part midship part and half part and if you see carefully the forward part ends at the stem that is stem and half part ends at the stern that is Stone all right now let's talk about four and aft a line so for an offline is the line which runs through the length waves that is according to the length or along the length of the ship so suppose this is the bow and this is a Stern and we are having the midpoint of the bow and mid point of this turn and you are having this dotted line so this is the forward this is the forward and aft line well we can say this is the line joining the middle of the power and middle of this turn as just now I have explained and this is also called four and aft Center Line obviously this is an imaginary line which is passing from stem to the stern so this is the stern and this is a stem forward part so from stem to Stone or vice versa all right now white is important well let's talk about a vertical plane which is passing through the four and a half line so obviously this is going to divide the shape into two halves so if we are facing here and facing the ball the right hand side is stubborn and the left hand side is both side well white is important of course it has got various significance so one is the ship spot on the starboard side the ships board are numbered as Board number one Board number three what number five and so on that is odd number on starboard side and even number that is Board number two what number four what number six Etc that will be on the fourth side so right hand side is starboard side left hand side both side when you are seeing the ship from Return to the bow all right now let's talk about Hull surfaces and ah we start with the Keel Keel is the lower most part of the ship well that is also considered as backbone right so lower most part of the ship where sides of the hull so Hull sides of the hull okay one second Aya suppose these are the sides of the hull say on the starboard side and the port side meet the bottom of the ship then let's talk about ball is the curved service of the forward part of the ship then a midship as usual this is the center part of the ship all right now let's move to the water line water line is the line where the ship is floating we can call it a float or waterborne so the area which is above the water line well this one that is you can call it as ship site and the area which is down below that is you can call it as bottom of the ship so now let's talk about Dax Dax are continuous horizontal surfaces of the ship so the ship is divided in various decks say bottom platform middle deck main deck Upper Deck right and the deck which is exposed to weather is called weather deck well there is a difference between decks and platforms or flats so if the surface is not continuous we can call it as Flats right so there are other decks also say for causal deck the deck which is in the Foxhole and the poop deck which is in the AFT where you carry out The Mooring operations also and then the forward also you carry out moving operation right now let's talk about terms which are applied to Hull say free mode what is free board free board is the height of highest continuous water type deck and this is usually the upper deck above the water line so suppose this is the water line as shown here so this distance is free bold now what is the draft draft is this distance let me uh just explain the draft draft is the depth of Keel below water line so this is the Keel on depth of Keel below water line that is the draft now we'll talk about breadth and breadth we can call it extreme bread and molded bread so extreme bread means maximum beam of vessel measured from the outside edge of the shell plating so a ship is made up of ah some material some shells some plates so if it is measured from outside that is the extreme bread then the molded breadth molded means ah which is measured inside the edge of the shell plating so have a look here this is the breadth so this is measured from inside right so this is molded and this is measured from outside this is measured from outside so this is a extreme breath now let's move to the camber camber is round of the beam actually this is the curvature of the deck in earthward ship Direction and we're going to study that outward ship is poured in starboard Direction well if we compare the height of deck at the center and height of the deck at the side of the vessel you will have the camber basically this is the purpose is to drain away the water then let's talk about depth as we were talking about beam the extreme depth and molded depth extreme is something which is measured from outside and molded something which is measured from inside okay so now let's have a look this fellow is the camber all right this is the depth and if this is the water line then this is draft all right and if the Keel is rising like this this is a rhizo floor now let's talk about shear Shear is the curvature of deck in the forward and aft Direction so here in the forward direction we can call it at forward shear and half direction we can call it as after how it is measured this is the height of deck at midship so this is the height of tech at midship and height of deck at the point considered the difference between the two will be the Shear so here this is off here and as I said this is the forward shear all right then now let's talk about flare failure is outward get a feature of the shell plating in the foremost part of the vessel so this actually provides more width to The Forecastle and it prevents water coming on board so this is what it is this is the curvature above water line and here have a look in this diagram ah this is the flare this is the flare of the ship thank you very much