Notes on Korean Language Introduction

Introduction to 3분 한국어

• Welcome message from Amy at KoreanClass101.com.
• Aim: To learn basic Korean expressions in just 3 minutes.

Introducing Yourself in Korean

Informal Introduction

• Phrase: 안녕, 에이미야. 반가워.
  • Meaning: Hi, I'm Amy. Nice to meet you.
  • Breakdown:
    • 안녕 (Annyeong): Hello (literally means "peace")
    • 에이미야 (Eimiya): My name is Amy (informal)
    • 반가워 (Bangawo): Nice to meet you (informal)

Formal Introduction

• Phrase: 안녕하세요, 에이미예요. 반가워요.
  • Meaning: Hi, I'm Amy. Nice to meet you. (formal)
  • Breakdown:
    • 안녕하세요 (Annyeonghaseyo): Hello (formal version of 안녕)
    • 에이미예요 (Eimiyeyo): My name is Amy (formal)
    • 반가워요 (Bangawoyo): Nice to meet you (formal)

Key Differences

• 안녕 vs. 안녕하세요: Use formal forms in respectful contexts.
• 야 vs. 에요: Use 야 for informal and 에요 for formal.
• 반가워 vs. 반가워요: Use 반가워 for informal and 반가워요 for formal.

Cultural Insight

• Polite to bow when introducing yourself in Korea.
  • Males should bow with hands at their sides.
  • Females should bow with hands in front of them.

Expressing Gratitude

Common Phrases

• 감사합니다 (Gamsahamnida): Thank you (formal)
• 대단히 감사합니다 (Daedanhi gamsahamnida): Thank you very much.
• 고마워 (Gomawo): Thank you (informal)
• 고마워요 (Gomawoyo): Thank you (semi-formal)

Responding to Thanks

• 아니에요 (Aniyo): It’s nothing (common informal response).
• 천만해요 (Cheonmanhaeyo): You’re welcome (less common).

Common Greetings

Greetings

• 안녕 (Annyeong): Casual hello.
• 안녕하세요 (Annyeonghaseyo): Respectful hello.

Goodbyes

• 안녕히 계세요 (Annyeonghi gyeseyo): Goodbye (when you are leaving).
• 잘 있어 (Jal isseo): Casual goodbye (stay well).
• 안녕히 가세요 (Annyeonghi gaseyo): Goodbye (when the other is leaving).
• 잘 가 (Jal ga): Casual goodbye (go well).

Asking if Someone Speaks English

Key Phrase

• 영어 하세요? (Yeongeo haseyo?): Do you speak English?
• 영어 할 수 있어요? (Yeongeo hal su isseoyo?): Can you speak English?
• 실례하지만 영어 하세요? (Sillyehajiman yeongeo haseyo?): Excuse me, do you speak English? (very polite)

Possible Responses

• 네 (Ne): Yes.
• 조금이요 (Jogeumiyo): Just a little.
• 아니, 못해요 (Ani, mothaeyo): No, I can’t.

Ways to Apologize

Common Phrases

• 실례합니다 (Sillyehamnida): Excuse me.
• 죄송합니다 (Joesonghamnida): I’m sorry.
• 여기요 (Yeogiyo): Over here, please (to get attention).
• 저기요 (Jeogiyo): Excuse me, you there.
• 미안해 (Mianhae): Sorry (informal).

Sincere Apology

• 정말 미안합니다 (Jeongmal mianhamnida): I am truly sorry.

Counting in Korean

Chinese-based Numbers (1-10)

1. 일 (il)
2. 이 (i)
3. 삼 (sam)
4. 사 (sa)
5. 오 (o)
6. 육 (yuk)
7. 칠 (chil)
8. 팔 (pal)
9. 구 (gu)
10. 십 (sip)

Zero

• 영 (yeong) or 공 (gong) in phone numbers.

Insight

• There are two systems for counting in Korean: Chinese-based and native Korean counting.
• This lesson focused on the Chinese-based system.