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Heart and Circulatory System Overview
Aug 12, 2024
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Understanding the Human Heart and Circulatory System
Key Functions of the Heart
Beats approximately 100,000 times per day
Pumps 2,000 gallons of blood daily
Maintains blood flow through 60,000 miles of blood vessels
Components of Blood Vessels
Arteries
: Carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body
Veins
: Carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart
Capillaries
: Small blood vessels where exchange of substances occurs
Structure of the Heart
Chambers
: Four chambers - right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
Valves
: Four one-way valves - tricuspid valve, mitral valve, aortic valve, pulmonic valve
Blood Circulation Process
Oxygenation in the Lungs
Blood becomes oxygen-rich in the lungs
Left Side of the Heart
Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium via pulmonary veins
Blood flows into the left ventricle through the mitral valve
Blood is pumped into the aorta, and then to the rest of the body
Blood Flow to Organs and Tissues
Oxygenated blood travels through arteries and capillaries to organs and tissues
Blood becomes deoxygenated in the capillaries
Return to the Heart
Deoxygenated blood is carried back to the heart by veins
Veins form larger vessels known as the vena cava
Blood enters the right atrium
Blood flows into the right ventricle via the tricuspid valve
Blood is pumped into the pulmonary artery
Reoxygenation in the Lungs
Deoxygenated blood is oxygenated in the lungs and returns to the left atrium via the pulmonary vein
The cycle repeats
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