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What are the different types of boundary disputes?
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Include definitional, locational, operational, allocational disputes.
Describe the difference between unitary and federal states in governance.
Unitary states centralize power, while federal states distribute authority between national and regional governments.
What distinguishes a state from a nation?
State: Defined geographic area with permanent population, recognized borders, sovereign government, recognized by other states. Nation: Group of people with shared culture, history, homeland, desire for self-governance.
What roles do territoriality and the regulation of space play in asserting political control?
Territoriality involves the assertion of control or ownership over space to establish political dominance and influence political power dynamics.
How do centrifugal and centripetal forces impact a state's stability?
Centrifugal forces divide and cause instability, while centripetal forces promote unity and cohesion within a state.
Differentiate between decolonization and devolution.
Decolonization: Former colonies gaining independence. Devolution: Transfer of power from central to regional governments.
Provide examples of a nation-state and a multinational state.
Nation-State: Japan, Iceland. Multinational State: Canada.
What are some examples of recent boundary disputes involving the Law of the Sea?
Conflicts in the South China Sea, disputes over territorial waters, exclusive economic zones.
Explain the significance of supranational organizations like the EU and UN on state sovereignty.
They challenge state sovereignty through global interconnectedness and regional alliances, influencing political decision-making beyond national boundaries.
How does technology impact political upheavals and democratization processes?
Technology enables rapid information dissemination, coordination of protests, and monitoring of political processes, influencing democratization and government responses.
Discuss the governance forms of unitary and federal states with examples.
Unitary states: Centralized power; e.g., France. Federal states: Authority shared between national and regional governments; e.g., USA.
Explain the concept of neocolonialism and its impact.
Neocolonialism: Indirect form of control by powerful countries over weaker states, reflecting territorial influence without direct governance.
What are autonomous and semi-autonomous regions? Give examples.
Regions with varying degrees of self-governance from central government (e.g., Hong Kong - semi-autonomous, Native American reservations - autonomous).
How did European colonialism impact global political boundaries?
Established boundaries without regard for local ethnic, linguistic, and cultural diversities, leading to conflicts post-independence.
Explain the concept of a stateless nation with examples.
Stateless Nation: Cultural groups with distinct national identities but no sovereign state (e.g., Kurds).
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