Overview
This lecture explains the types of computer software, focusing on the differences between application software and system software, including their categories and examples.
Types of Computer Software
- Computer software is a set of instructions that tells hardware what to do, when, and how.
- Software gives functionality to computer hardware; without software, the computer cannot operate.
- Software is divided into application software and system software.
Application Software
- Application software helps users perform specific tasks.
- Word processing software (e.g., MS Word, WordPad, Notepad) is used to create documents like letters and reports.
- Database software (e.g., Oracle, MS Access) stores data and allows operations on data.
- Spreadsheet software (e.g., Microsoft Excel) organizes data, performs calculations, and presents data in charts or graphs.
- Presentation software (e.g., Microsoft PowerPoint) displays information as slides.
- Internet browsers (e.g., Google Chrome, Firefox, Safari) are used to access the internet.
System Software
- System software controls the computer hardware and provides a platform for application software.
- System software includes operating systems and utility software.
Operating Systems
- The operating system acts as an interface between the user and the computer.
- Popular desktop/laptop operating systems: Microsoft Windows (created by Bill Gates), Mac OS (created by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak), and Linux (developed by Linus Torvalds).
- Mac OS runs on Macintosh computers.
- Linux is free and can be downloaded from the internet.
- Mobile operating systems include Android (most common for phones/tablets) and Apple iOS (used on iPhone and iPad).
Utility Software
- Utility software analyzes, configures, optimizes, and maintains the computer.
- Examples include anti-virus software, backup software, disk compression tools, and file managers.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Computer Software — Instructions that guide computer hardware.
- Application Software — Programs for specific user tasks.
- System Software — Programs that control hardware and run applications.
- Operating System — Interface between user and hardware.
- Utility Software — Tools for system maintenance and optimization.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review the different types of application and system software with examples.
- Practice categorizing software types (application vs. system) as homework.