hello everyone welcome to Chinese grammar simplified we will start today's video with a challenge brought to you by my friend Amy she came across the following sentences during her a conversation with her Chinese friends and got really confused can you help her figure out the differences in meaning you may pause the video for a bit obviously there is one character different among the sentences if you are like Amy you're probably also wondering what do these words mean today we'll spend five minutes to discuss how to understand and use these words which will refer to as verb complements in a typical Chinese sentence we will usually see the structure subject-verb-object the vertical ament's usually come right after the verbs if we pitched our verb as a truck a verb complement is the trailer that the truck hauls just like a trailer - a truck verb complements help to carry more information about the verb in other words to complement the bird there are many kinds of verb complements one of them is used specifically to indicate the result of an action all of the verb complements here are result complements let's break them down in the first sentence TN describes the result of the verb in Chinese con is only describing the action of setting your eyes on something but yet implies that after you set your eyes on something you register and receive the information that entered your vision therefore see so to say to see in Chinese we usually use a verb complement compound word content therefore the sentence walk on yellow shoe means I saw a book similarly we may use TN to describe other senses such as hearing by saying TT n it means you receive the information from ting or to listen so you hear something if I say cut walk on ZN l''e term all that means look I saw a cat King what teens yeah my user mark listen I heard a cat one is used to imply the action is fully completed and reach that result so what kana surely is I finished reading the book you might wonder since my teacher at school said that luck also suggests the completion of an action then why do we need one great question here is the difference when I say walk on assault you can translate it as I read the book while it suggests that I am done was the action of reading it is not clear whether or not I have completed the entire book it's possible that I stopped halfway and got too bored to read further on the other hand walk awhile eschew clarifies that I have completed reading the entire book next result compliment is stop first of all as a verb Tao means to arrive at therefore when used as a compliment it expressed that the action has arrived at the goal that you aimed for it is stressing that you have succeeded in doing the verb so when I say walk on dollar shoe it means I succeeded in seeing the book I would say this in context where the sad book is maybe too far away for others to see or when I'm looking for the book among other things so I need to emphasize my success of seeing the book here is another example if I say well truth Allah see how true that John was high that means I successfully ate the best Chinese food by using the result compliment doll I'm suggesting that one is met with a certain level of difficulty to eat the food maybe because it's so popular that not everyone will manage to get a table at the restaurant that serves it but I got lucky and succeeded last but not least as an additive tool is wrong as a now it means mistake when used as a result compliment tois indicates that the result of the verb is a mistake or the verb is done by mistake so if I say walk Huntsville a shoe that means I read the wrong book or I read the book round let's see another example if I say what she has wallet hada means that that means I wrote his name wrong since the verb complement is usually one character it is a very efficient way to add details in Chinese but because it's very different from English it is also challenging for native English speakers to fully master my tip for you is instead of trying to use the verb complements creatively right away take your time to understand and memorize the contacts they are used in then apply these verb complements in those memorize contacts as much as you can eventually you will accumulate a variety of contexts and develop a sense of when and it is appropriate to use them as always to help you practice please take a look at the following English sentences and think about how you would say them in Chinese you can find the answers on my website thank you for watching if you have any questions about any Chinese grammar point that confuse with you please leave a comment below for customized Chinese lessons please reach me at Twin Cities Chinese tutor us see you next time [Music]