Single Equations in Business and Economics
Basic Concepts
- Understanding and simplifying single equations.
- Key Principle: Any operation performed on one side of the equation must be performed on the other side to maintain equality.
- The equal sign ensures that the left-hand side (LHS) equals the right-hand side (RHS) after any operation.
Inequality Violations
- Adding to Only One Side: Adding a number only to one side disrupts equality.
- Subtracting from Only One Side: Similarly disrupts equality.
- Multiplying Only One Side: This also disrupts equality.
- Dividing Only One Side: Equality is violated.
- Squaring/Taking Square Root of One Side: Results in LHS ≠ RHS.
Maintaining Equality
- Addition: Add the same number to both sides.
- Subtraction: Subtract the same number from both sides.
- Multiplication: Multiply both sides by the same number.
- Division: Divide both sides by the same number.
- Squaring/Rooting: Apply the operation to both sides.
- Multiplying by One: 1 × anything doesn't change it; keeps equality intact.
Examples of Simplification
Example 1: Solve for P
Equation: LHS = RHS
- Add 4P to both sides.
- Subtract Q from both sides.
- Divide both sides by 4.
- Simplify result.
Example 2: Solve for Q
Equation: 20 - 0.5Q = 5
- Subtract 20 from both sides.
- Simplify (5 - 20 = -15).
- Multiply both sides by -1 to cancel negative.
- Divide by 0.5 to isolate Q.
Example 3: Solve for Q
Equation: 20 - ¼Q = 40 + 3/2Q
- Subtract 40 from both sides (20-40 = 160).
- Add ¼Q to both sides.
- Apply common denominator, simplify.
- Solve for Q by multiplying by 4/7.
Example 4: Solve for X
Equation with variables M, P, X:
- Factor out X from the equation.
- Isolate X by dividing by the factored term.
Example 5: Solve for Q
Equation with mixed fractions:
- Simplify right-hand side.
- Subtract Q/5 from both sides.
- Combine Q terms with common denominator.
- Multiply by 5/4 to isolate Q.
Example 6: Solve for Y
Complex equation:
- Multiply both sides by Y/4.
- Simplify the result.
- Divide both sides by 2.
Example 7: Solve for P
Equation: Involves addition and fractions:
- Add 25 to both sides.
- Multiply by 3.
Example 8: Solve for K
Equation with constants and variables:
- Subtract 20L from both sides.
- Divide by 10.
Example 9: Solve for Y
Complex exponents involved:
- Multiply both sides by 100.
- Multiply by Y^0.25.
- Apply exponent rules, square both sides.
Example 10: Solve for Y
Involves squaring terms:
- Multiply both sides by 100.
- Multiply by Y.
- Isolate Y by taking square root.
Example 11: Solve for Q
Simple subtraction and division:
- Subtract 12 from both sides.
- Multiply and divide to isolate Q.
Example 12: Solve for Q
Complex fractions and exponents:
- Subtract 9, multiply by -1.
- Multiply by Q² and divide.
- Take square root.
Example 13: Solve for L
Involves dealing with fractions and divisions:
- Add constants, subtract terms from both sides.
- Apply common denominators, multiply.
Example 14: Solve for L
Complex simplification process:
- Simplify left-hand side.
- Subtract and isolate the variable.
Example 15: Solve for X
Involves fractions and multiplications:
- Simplify fractions.
- Multiply and divide to isolate variable.