Alexander the Great vs. Genghis Khan

Jun 27, 2024

Alexander the Great vs. Genghis Khan Lecture Notes

Introduction

  • Lecture by AC on TRS focusing on world history
  • Topics: Alexander the Great and Genghis Khan, with a focus on their connections to India
  • The importance of studying history to understand human nature, psychology, and potential patterns in the future

Persia and Its Significance

  • Modern Day Iran as the successor of Ancient Persia
  • Capital of Persia during Alexander's time: Persepolis
  • Persians followed Zoroastrianism, which has ties to Hinduism

Alexander the Great

Early Life

  • Born in 356 BC in Macedonia
  • Father: Philip of Macedon, a great conqueror
  • Mother: Olympias, strong-willed and influential
  • Tutored by Aristotle
  • Philip assassinated; Alexander becomes king at a young age
  • Consolidates rule over Greece by destroying Thebes

Conquest of Persia

  • Sets out with an army of 50,000 men
  • Defeats Persian Emperor Darius III's larger army
  • Captures and treats Darius’ family well
  • Burns Persepolis after heavy drinking
  • Darius eventually murdered by his own generals

Expedition to India

  • Crosses into India and fights King Porus
  • Soldiers refuse to advance further into India after severe battles
  • Alexander's soldiers' mutiny forces return to Babylon
  • Dies at age 32-33, possibly due to wounds or liver disease

Legacy

  • Conquests celebrated in Western civilization due to his role in defining Greek and Roman heritage
  • Cruelty and atrocities often downplayed in Western accounts
  • Alexandria city in Egypt as one of his lasting legacies

Genghis Khan

Early Life and Rise to Power

  • Born in 1162 AD in Mongolia
  • Harsh childhood; father killed, family ousted from tribe
  • United Mongolian tribes under his rule by late 40s

Conquests

  • Aimed to teach lessons to old enemies like the Shia Kingdom in China
  • Invaded and defeated quasm after diplomatic insult
  • Modern tactics, logistical feats, and incorporation of enemy strategies
  • By death, his empire extended from China to Europe's borders

Interaction with India

  • Fought and defeated Jalaluddin on the banks of the Indus River
  • Chose not to invade India further, returning to deal with internal rebellions
  • Established largest free trade zone and enforced religious freedom

Legacy

  • Conquered more territory than any other leader in history
  • Established new military and diplomatic innovation
  • Perceived very differently in the West compared to Mongolia, where he is revered

Conclusion

  • Modern leaders, especially in business, can learn from historical figures like Alexander and Genghis Khan
  • Importance of studying history to understand current world dynamics and future potentials

Extras

  • Mention of related films like '300'
  • Discussion about the spread of Greek culture in India
  • Reflection on the long-lasting impacts of historical conquests and leaders

Ending Notes: World history offers fascinating insights into human nature and the trajectories that have shaped our present-day world. Suggestions for further topics and feedback on this lecture are welcome.