Antacids Lecture
Introduction
- Antacids: Medications that neutralize stomach acid
- Uses: Treat conditions like ulcers and GERD
Overview
- Antacids: Basic compounds, prefix ant- means against, acid means acid → opposite of acid.
Common Antacids and Their Symbols
1. Calcium Carbonate
- Symbol: Root beer float with calcium-filled ice cream
- Mnemonic: Root beer = Carbonate, Ice cream = Calcium
- Brand Name: Tums
2. Magnesium Hydroxide
- Symbol: Hydraulic arm with magnet (magnesium)
- Mnemonic: Magnet = Magnesium, Hydraulic = Hydroxide
- Common Name: Milk of Magnesia
3. Aluminum Hydroxide
- Symbol: Hydraulic arm made of aluminum foil
- Mnemonic: Aluminum foil = Aluminum, Hydraulic = Hydroxide
- Special Use: Best for patients in renal failure (easier for kidneys to excrete)
4. Sodium Bicarbonate
- Symbol: Baking soda box
- Common Name: Baking Soda
Clinical Uses
GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)
- Symbol: Flask full of acid bubbling up = upper GI tract
- Explanation: Treats GERD by neutralizing stomach acid
GI Ulcers
- Symbol: Hole in the boy’s shirt (belly)
- Explanation: Used to treat and prevent GI ulcers by neutralizing stomach acid
Side Effects
Constipation
- Related Drugs: Aluminum Hydroxide, Calcium Carbonate
- Symbol: Blocked chocolate bottle (aluminum hydraulic arm)
Diarrhea
- Related Drug: Magnesium Hydroxide
- Symbol: Leaking brown oil (magnesium hydraulic arm)
- Additional Use: Laxative
Fluid Retention
- Related Drug: Sodium Bicarbonate
- Symbols:
- Extra water bottles (fluid retention)
- Bag of salt (high sodium levels)
- Concern: Avoid in patients with hypertension/fluid overload (can worsen condition)
Recap
- Antacids include calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and sodium bicarbonate.
- Main use: Neutralize stomach acid
- Treatments:
- Side Effects:
- Constipation: Calcium Carbonate, Aluminum Hydroxide
- Diarrhea: Magnesium Hydroxide
- Fluid retention: Sodium Bicarbonate
Conclusion: Understanding these antacids, their uses, symbols, and side effects can aid in better memorization and application.