We talked about self-concept, and when we did that, we were talking a lot about self-presentation. This has everything to do with impression management. We want people to see us the way we authentically know ourselves. And that idea of our self-concept to be. So when we go out into the world and we interact with other people, we do self-presentation. That has to do with what are the clothes that you're wearing with or the artifacts that you have. Do you have a certain bag with you? What does your hair look like? If you have glasses, what do they look like? All those things tell people this is who I am, and we present ourselves in a way that feels authentically like ourselves, and there are times where maybe we don't. So we have this idea of the "persona": a face or front an individual puts on in social situations. So what that means is I present myself a certain way because this is who I believe myself to be. This is my persona. This is who I am. Then we have the "facade" and this is a false appearance, so I might not really say who I'm authentically being. I'm really putting on a different hat in that situation. So maybe it work, It's not appropriate for you to swear or get loud. But in general, when you're communicating with other people, that's really who you are. You might put on a little bit of a facade when you go to work. Maybe you're in a social situation where certain activities are prohibited or looked down upon, and so you put a different hat on for that. And that's your facade hat on this one. Now, this makes it sound very deceptive. False appearance, hiding what someone is truly like. But a lot of the time, we're doing that to make sure that we are meeting the context, that we're meeting the situation, that we're meeting the cultural expectations, and we're doing all these things because we're intersectional, meaning that you are a composite of your lived experience. You're authentically you. You're authentically unique. And that every time you go into a different setting or context, you're using behavioral flexibility. And sometimes that means putting on a little bit of the facade. So it sounds really negative. But we do this every day to make sure that in terms of impression, we're doing what meets the context, the relationship. The cultural and all the implications for that communication event. When we are managing impressions, there are some things that we do. So we call these six common impression management techniques. So the first is we tend to describe ourselves. We use adjectives. We use descriptive language. We explain who we are and we hope our actions reinforce that. So somebody believes what we're saying. We have accounts where we explain ourself. Maybe you're in a situation where someone says, why did you do that? Maybe they think something negative and you're able to explain yourself to be able to say, no, I'm still authentically me. Here's what happened. So accounts are personal explanations. So you're able. And again, this doesn't necessarily mean you're being defensive. Maybe you're just explaining some of the context that wasn't there when the person showed up. We have apologies. There are a lot of really bad apologies. We'll watch a video in this class on them. But if you look on the left hand side it shows some things about apologies. There are non-apologies apologies. So if you look at the bottom where it says these are not apologies. "I'm sorry you feel that way." "I'm sorry but..." we know but statements negate everything that came before it. Once you hear the "but" everything that came first just gets erased, doesn't it? "What about that time you..." That's called gunny sacking. When we say that we've forgiven someone or we're over something, and then we end up going back to it and saying, actually, I'm still upset about this. So for our purposes, there's really three big parts to an apology. I'm sorry. I won't do that again. What can I do to make it better? We have entitlements and enhancements. Sometimes we like to put ourselves in a favorable light, so we'll highlight things that we've done. Now, sometimes we do this too much, but we We tend to find a balance that works for us. Flattery. Sometimes we know that flattery will get you everywhere. Sometimes just complimenting someone is important. I'll tell you this. And we talk about this in this class and many others. People need validation and don't get it enough. Something just as simple as acknowledging something changed. Did you cut your hair? Hey, I like that shirt. Something as simple as that. People feel really validated, and this is really important to us. And then we have favors doing something nice for someone to gain their approval. Again, the sounds deceitful, but a lot of the time we're doing nice things for other people because it makes us feel good. So there's that component to it as well.