Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO)

Overview

SIBO occurs when there is an abnormal increase in the overall bacterial population in the small intestine, particularly bacteria not commonly found in that part of the digestive tract.
It is sometimes referred to as "blind loop syndrome."
SIBO often results from conditions such as surgery or disease that slow the passage of food and waste, creating a breeding ground for bacteria.
Common complications include diarrhea, weight loss, and malnutrition.
It is often a complication of abdominal surgery but can also result from structural problems and certain diseases.
Treatments typically involve antibiotics, though surgery may be necessary.

Symptoms like bloating, nausea, and diarrhea are common to many intestinal problems.
Seek medical evaluation especially if you have persistent diarrhea, rapid unintentional weight loss, or abdominal pain lasting more than a few days.
Severe abdominal pain requires immediate medical attention.

Complications of abdominal surgery: e.g., gastric bypass, gastrectomy.
Structural problems: e.g., scar tissue (adhesions), diverticulosis.
Medical conditions: e.g., Crohn's disease, radiation enteritis, scleroderma, celiac disease, diabetes.

The small intestine is normally low in bacteria due to rapid content flow and bile presence.
Stagnant food in the intestine provides a breeding ground for bacteria.
Bacteria can produce toxins and interfere with nutrient absorption, leading to diarrhea.

Poor absorption: Bacterial breakdown of bile affects fat digestion leading to diarrhea; also affects carbohydrates and proteins.
Vitamin deficiency: Affects absorption of vitamins A, D, E, K; B-12 deficiency can lead to nervous system issues.
Weakened bones (Osteoporosis): Due to poor calcium absorption.
Kidney stones: Resulting from calcium absorption issues.

Various clinical and research articles from Mayo Clinic and other medical publications.