Lecture: Multivibrator Circuits in Electronics

Introduction

• Multivibrator circuits are widely used in electronics
• Used to implement two-state devices: oscillators, timers, flip-flops
• Two states refer to two voltage levels (e.g., +15V and 0V)
• In digital electronics: high state (logic '1') and low state (logic '0')

Types of Multivibrators

1. Astable Multivibrator

• Output does not remain stable in any state
• Continuously changes between two states
• Time in each state decided by passive components (resistors and capacitors)
• Used in design of relaxation oscillators

2. Monostable Multivibrator

• Also known as one-shot multivibrator
• One stable state and one astable state
• Output remains stable until an external trigger is applied
• Output momentarily goes to unstable state, then returns to stable
• Time in unstable state decided by passive components (R and C)
• Used in timer applications (e.g., turning on a relay after a certain time)

3. Bistable Multivibrator

• Both states are stable
• Output can be in either stable state
• External trigger causes output to change states
• Output remains in new state until another trigger occurs
• Used in design of flip-flops

Design of Multivibrators

• Can be designed using op-amps, transistors, or 555 timer IC
• Future videos will cover design using these components

Summary

• Multivibrators: Astable, Monostable, and Bistable
• Used in various electronic applications
• Questions and suggestions welcomed in the comments
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