Lecture on Misconceptions and Understanding of OCD

May 21, 2024

Lecture on Misconceptions and Understanding of OCD

Introduction

  • Lecturer: Ahmad Jarbou
  • Proofreader: Samar Mohamed Alanazi
  • Key topic: Common misconceptions and detailed understanding of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD).

Misconceptions about OCD

Misconception 1: Repetitive or ritualistic behaviors equate to OCD

  • Reality:
    • OCD is a severe mental health condition.
    • OCD consists of two main components:
      1. Obsessions: Intrusive thoughts, images, and urges.
      2. Compulsions: Behaviors performed to alleviate anxiety caused by obsessions.
    • Common examples (e.g., excessive hand washing, repeated checking) might reflect obsessive-compulsive tendencies but do not necessarily indicate full-blown OCD.
    • True OCD is rare, time-consuming, impacts social/work life, and causes significant distress.

Misconception 2: Main symptom of OCD is excessive hand washing

  • Reality:
    • Hand washing is a well-known stereotype but OCD manifests in various forms:
      • Obsessions: Fears of contamination, harming others, preoccupation with numbers/patterns, or issues related to morality or sexual identity.
      • Compulsions: Excessive cleaning, repeated checking, arranging items meticulously, or walking in specific patterns.

Misconception 3: People with OCD are unaware of their irrational behavior

  • Reality:
    • Many sufferers are acutely aware of the irrationality of their obsessions and compulsions.
    • The distress arises from the inability to prevent these thoughts/actions despite recognizing their irrationality.
    • This self-awareness but lack of control contributes to the significant distress of OCD.

Causes of OCD

  • Current understanding:
    • The exact cause of OCD is unknown, but research offers glimpses:
      • OCD is considered a neurobiological disorder.
      • Research indicates particular brain regions are involved in social behavior, complex planning, voluntary movement, and emotional/motivational responses.
      • Low levels of serotonin are associated with OCD.
    • Unanswered questions:
      • Are serotonin levels and specific brain activities causes or symptoms of OCD?

Treatment of OCD

  • Effective treatments:
    • Medications to increase serotonin by limiting its reabsorption (SSRIs).
    • Behavioral therapy to desensitize patients to their fears.
    • In severe cases: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or surgery.
  • Conclusion:
    • Understanding and awareness are crucial.
    • Future brain research may provide deeper insights and better solutions.