AWS DevOps Interview Notes

Jul 24, 2024

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AWS DevOps Interview Preparation Notes

Question 1: Infrastructure Automation Scenario

Task: Automate the deployment of a multi-tier web application in AWS that is highly available and scalable.

Design and Infrastructure

  • AWS Service Used: AWS CloudFormation
  • Resources to Create:
    • S3 buckets for static data
    • Amazon ECS for container management
    • Amazon ECR for storing and loading images
    • Amazon RDS for relational database
    • Amazon DynamoDB for non-relational database

Automation and Scaling

  • CI/CD Tools:
    • AWS CodePipeline: Automate CI/CD process
    • AWS CodeCommit: Source code repository
    • AWS CodeBuild: Build service
    • AWS CodeDeploy: Deployment service to ECS

Question 2: Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment

Task: Set up a CI/CD pipeline in AWS for faster and reliable software delivery.

Steps to Set Up CI/CD Pipeline

  1. Tools Used:
    • AWS CodeCommit for version control
    • AWS CodeBuild for building code
    • AWS CodeDeploy for deployment to EC2/ECS
    • AWS CodePipeline for end-to-end CI/CD
  2. Security Measures:
    • IAM roles for service-based security
    • Use AWS Secrets Manager to store sensitive data
    • AWS Key Management Service (KMS) for key management (key rotation)
    • Monitor pipeline using AWS CloudWatch
    • Store artifacts in AWS Artifactory

Question 3: Monitoring and Logging

Task: Set up comprehensive monitoring and logging system for AWS infrastructure.

AWS Services to Use

  • AWS CloudWatch: Monitoring metrics and alerts
  • AWS CloudTrail: Logging and audit trails
  • AWS OpenSearch: Dashboard for log visualization
  • AWS X-Ray: Monitor and log microservices

Question 4: Disaster Recovery and High Availability

Task: Design a disaster recovery strategy for a critical web application.

Disaster Recovery Strategy

  • Multi-AZ Deployments:
    • RDS with Multi-AZ for database availability
    • Use S3 cross-region replication for static files
  • Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS) for fault tolerance
  • Network Architecture:
    • VPC for isolation
    • Route 53 for DNS routing
  • Web Application Firewall (WAF) for security during disasters

Question 5: Security and Compliance

Task: Ensure the AWS infrastructure complies with industry standards.

Security Measures

  • Role-Based Access Control: IAM roles for user access
  • Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Required for users
  • Data Protection:
    • AWS KMS for encryption
    • AWS Secrets Manager for secret management
  • Compliance Frameworks:
    • Implement HIPAA, GDPR compliance practices
  • Protections Against Attacks:
    • Use Route 53 and WAF for security
    • Utilize AWS X-Ray and CloudWatch for monitoring suspicious activities

Conclusion: Ensure to cover these key aspects in your interview preparation for AWS DevOps roles.