Transcript for:
Exploring Hate Crimes and Victimization

we now turn our attention to religion as also a catalyst for the convention of hate crime in both the United States and Canada our sister country the most religiously motivated hate crime is directed against people who are Jewish in fact in Canada Jewish people are the most common victims of all hate crimes according to the FBI hate crime statistics in 2009 70.1% of all religiously motivated hate crimes in the United States where anti-semitic in nature down from 86% in 1996 so I guess looking at the statistics you can say well okay is getting a little better but it's still pretty bad a 2004 report by the US Department of State said the increasing frequency and severity of anti solitic incidences started 21st century particularly in Europe has compelled the international community to focus on anti-semitism with renewed bigger according to this report the European Union monitoring center for racism and xenophobia identified France Germany the United Kingdom Belgium and the Netherlands as countries with the most significant increases in simetic incidents as a result governments in France Germany and Belgium are providing enhance protections to members of the Jewish community and Jewish properties it has been suggested that this type of hate crime is frequently based on known to believe about acceptable violence toward a particular group an example of this behavior on the night April 5, 2004 the library of United now matura a jewish elementary school in Montreal Canada erupted in flames after Kerosene bomb crashed through the window although no one was injured in the nighttime attack it cost five hundred thousand dollars in damage and destroyed 10,000 books a note discovered on the scene indicated the attack was in retaliation for Israel's assassination of Hamas leader Sheikh Amid Yassin the note indicated Jews should be punished for israeli actions and promised to strike again if israeli policy did not change it read here is the consequences of your crimes in Europe occupations here is the repostae of your assassination here is where terrorist ariel shiron has led you the term rep or stae is important here in terms of what t implies in real definition now there's a document posted also along with his week's material that you should take a look at but just by brief explanation the term is related to the sport other fencing in reality and Inc French for were retoric which is in offensive action with the intent of hitting one's opponent made by the fencer was just parried an attack so you have to picture that or go online and see if you can find a fencing match and look at the activity that's going on there and so when someone is attacking and the intent then is to hit one's opponent with the point of the fencing sword I think it is but anyway though when you intend to strike and the venture has just parried an attack meaning blocked an attack you actually are then able to hit anyway okay, that's called a riposte now in everyday language meaning in the way that is used here in this particular note a reposte is synonymous with the retoric and describes the quick a really big reply with argument or it is meant to be and in some and so the deeper meaning here is that when it says here's the consequences of your crimes and your occupation here is the ripost of your assassinations here is where terrorists Ariel Shiron has led you meaning that this person who was the prime minister I believe of Israel for certain time period he is calling them an assassin and of course the object of the assassination is the Palestinian people at large and so this is his revenge for what was a what he considers a crime of occupation which historically has been problematic for quite some time but nevertheless you have been read up on that history to fully understand it this message then has significance to what might be a revenge at the following year a 19 year old Sleiman Obeid was sentenced to 40 months in jail that's probably the wrong pronunciation but that's the best I can do this attack against the Jewish institution in Montreal was not an isolated occurance in 2006 a fire bombing occurred at a Jewish boy school and in 2007 the Jewish Community Center was firebombed a report of a League for Human Rights identified Montreal as a hotbed of anti Jewish activity in 2006 identifying 215 separate occurrences including desecration of synagogues destruction of property and assault property crime particularly vandalism is the most common type of a religiously motivated hate crime and includes burning a religious institutions campaigning of swastikas on building disability the pervasive stigma that people apply to both mental and physical illness is expressed in many forms and discriminatory behaviors against both with disabilities including placing disabled persons that increase risk in physical and sexual abuse research confirms that people with disabilities experience heightened risk of sexual physical and emotional abuse where disability and gender discrimination intersect the incidence of violence is alarming for example the risk of physical and sexual assault is four to ten times higher for adults with developmental disabilities them for other adults so speaking found that eighty-four percent a disabled people who were victims of sexual violence were female and 93% offenders were male but other studies repeatedly demonstrated high rates victimization with people suffering from mental illness nevertheless tremendous barriers exist to reporting these crimes and to prosecuting them including myths in the criminal justice system that women with intellectual disabilities who are victims of sexual violence will not be credible witnesses due to their intellectual or speech limitations and that women with disabilities are promiscuous incredible in relationship to gender gender is also historically in the United States and across the world a characteristic or victimology relationship from hate crimes the pervasive nature of violence against women in our society has led many to advocate for this violence to be considered a hate crime betraying violence against women as hate based underscores the public the societal nature of the crime it moves the focus away from individual victim thereby reducing the possibility of victim blaming during a congressional hearing on the hate crime statistics that president of the National Organization for Women present evidence research and theory to argue that women were group targeted for violence due to hate nevertheless gender was not included in the studymore recently it has been added to federal legislation to legislation of 20 States and to the model hate crime statute prepared by the anti-defamation league however gender has really been used by hate crime prosecutions and by 2005 Mcvail and Deninal reported only two successful prosecutions of gender-related hate crimes their study of prosecutor's attitude support the notion that those in the justice system find it difficult to fit violence against women into the hate crime model although legislation Support Center is a basis for hate crime there's no evidence that the practice will change in the near future so that produces an interesting paradox in that this in the struggle to create legislation that will verify that gender is a veritable related to hate crimes by virtue of gender itself prosecutors in people who are involved in the process of trying to create the legislation for some reason really cannot seem to see gender femaleness in particular as and object of hate crime for virtual being female you look at this photograph right here on the slide and is pretty indicative the thinking in that respect you recognize this as a commercial from carl's junior that ran on television in at a Super Bowl at some point and photographs itself as a total objectification of female form body and first who eats sandwiches that way I mean what is it designed to do to sell burgers well on one hand it might if you feel that that's the way you want to eat a sandwich but what it is it has a highly sexual suggestive highly erotic connotation to it and it is designed more so for the male gaze than it is for selling hamburger I suppose when we say well then one then we'll go out and buy cheeseburgers as a result of looking at this but also the sexual connotation is to really hot babes i.e lesbians using cheeseburgers in a very sexual and erotic way that is called sexual objectification pure and sample their hamburger ads all over the place and they sell without this kind of connotations so one would ask him well what is the point of this to sell hamburgers or to sexualize the female form many people would say one or the other but nevertheless though is problematic in our society when we use these kinds of imaging then to betray women in that light and it also you know is very effective in terms of creating then the kind of violence we see in some young men in a relationship to the response to women and the status of women especially in the twentieth and twenty-first century and the progress the women have made for example 25-year-old Marc Lepine he was born Gambino Garbin walked into the Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal on December 6 1989 carrying a Ruger mini 14 semi-automatic rifle that's not small firepower thats huge firepower he entered a second-floor classroom he separated the men from the women and then ordered the approximately 50 men to leave claiming he was fighting feminism he shot the nine women who remain killing six and injuring the rest he is reported to have screamed I hate women, after this Lepine moved to other areas of the building killing the total fourteen women in four men and injuring 10 additional women the incident ended when the coward Lepine turned the gun on himself in a letter found in his jacket he indicated the attack was politically motivated that is he wished to kill feminist for ruining his life the letter containing the nineteen names of additional women that he wanted to kill as well the Montreal massacre became a galvanizing moment in which morning turned into outrage about all violence against women the date is remembered by walk and vigil in cities across Canada this says something really negative about society when the only way that we will respond in anger and outrage against crime for this nature an psychotic behavior of this type is when almost thirty 40 people are gunned down by an idiot what do we do to prevent these things from happening in the first place what do we do to intervene good question for me is when will the legislators began to realize as well as politicians in general that there is no paradox between legislation and what it means to be women the fact that this behavior occurs regularly means the that legislation needs to be developed that actually characterizes this phenomenon in ways that will create preventive measures a lot of food for thought