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Describe the ecological role of barnacles in marine environments.
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Barnacles are sessile filter feeders and can impact ship hulls through biofouling.
What are biramous appendages, and where are they commonly found?
They are branched appendages found in ancestral arthropod forms.
Which class of arthropods includes economically important species such as crabs and lobsters?
Malacostraca
What is the function of the water vascular system in echinoderms?
It controls locomotion and feeding through tube feet.
What is the primary respiratory pigment in arthropods?
Hemocyanin
What evolutionary evidence supports the convergence between arthropods and mollusks?
Evidence from the fossil record, such as specimens from the Burgess Shale.
How do arthropods grow if their exoskeleton does not grow with them?
Through ecdysis, or molting, where they shed the exoskeleton and grow a new one.
Name the feeding apparatus found in some echinoderms that was mentioned in the notes.
Aristotle’s Lantern
How do setae function within arthropods?
They serve as sensory organs for detecting environmental cues.
What type of symmetry do echinoderms exhibit in adulthood?
Pentamerous radial symmetry
How does tagmosis contribute to arthropod specialization?
It involves the fusion and specialization of body segments, allowing for diverse functions.
What is the economic importance of decapod crustaceans?
They include species such as lobsters and crabs, which are important for fisheries.
What is hemolymph, and which type of circulatory system uses it?
Hemolymph is the fluid in an open circulatory system, used by arthropods.
Explain the significance of compound eyes in arthropods.
Compound eyes provide a wide field of vision and are critical for detecting movement.
Identify one notable adaptation in the velvet worm that suggests its linkage to arthropods.
It has a flexible cuticle.
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