here we go and I got the thing going beta is very confusing as a waveform particularly for beginners because it's subtle you can't you can't see it at the beginning you can't see the problem it takes a while to get the visual skillset to identify good EEG from bad EEG and you see that when you're first teaching people and when you're mentoring with them and for quite some time after you begin mentoring people they're still misinterpreting it because there's so much to know about it and it's hard to keep all that in mind when you're looking at things so you need to be constantly reminded you know what's real and what's beta and what's false and we just did a presentation on artifacts part 1 & 2 which is up on the new mine YouTube channel and go up there and it's pretty much everything you need to know basically about artifact and neural feedback it's pretty thorough and it's got things in there you won't even see other places because I've met with so many people encountered so many unusual problems I mean there's a little bit of overlap between that one and this one this one starts off a little bit when we lift off on the other one but because artifact is so much a part of beta I think it bears repeating and reviewing as we integrate it into understanding beta so I again begin with the famous quote by Marvin sands that caused me to drop my phone when I talked to him Marvin Samms the man who invented the brain map cap that you all used to do brain mapping he was a leader in the field when I was first beginning he's retired now and he was one of the best neurofeedback professionals in the country and he's also I was a medical g specialist too so he really knew what he was talking about so why did Marvin Sam say never trust any beta this is a guy who could read more follow gee like you read a book he was brilliant at it here's an example of a eg now this looks pretty good if you look at it it's got lots of smooth waves it's up and down and so forth and so on but in here hidden in here and even some of the best people who can see eg wouldn't know that there's muscle tension in here I could even miss this one but it's there I know because I created it and how I created it is I just clenched my jaw just ever so slightly and I shifted the morphology of the waveform from being more round and open if you look at the beginning here you can see it's kind of irregular it's small and it's large and then as we get into where I'm slowly clenching my Joey can see it's getting more okay we're getting that that biphasic waveform where and it's getting more up and down and even and I'm just gonna take a brief pause here and see who's not meeting themselves so we've got somebody just crinkling their meal all right okay so that's the case with with EEG it's can be with that Sun from here to the right side and this that up up and down with a little bit of edge and you may not even be able to see it but it's there so when you're training with neurofeedback subtle muscle tension can affect your the waveform now what I've done here and I've slightly expanded the screen up and down so you can see a little more clearly the difference here it is at the beginning you see it's kind of small and large the small enlarge and there's various waveforms and then as you get here it gets steady if you notice it's very steady it's that up and down biphasic kind of waveform that and it's sharp it's sawtooth in nature and see it's particularly strong here right here sharp and sawtooth and then it gets then we get back to what it's like at the beginning kind of smooth again so I just subtly increased and clenched the jaw and let go if you missed it and you feel bad about missing it don't feel bad it takes years and years to be able to capture that kind of thing and you can still sneak by you but the point I'm making is this is why Marvin says Marvin Sam says I never trust beta now beta here's a normal eyes open power spectrum and right here on the left this is eyes closed on the right but even in the eyes I use that a little boost of alpha right there that's the bump from alpha with eyes closed even with eyes open and eyes closed you can see that beta is down here it's the lowest thing in the EEG it is the lowest in amplitude why because it is the highest in metabolic cost those things which cost most are most rare and it holds for biology too and so with this being the most low thing all the time it should always be on your transferring the line at the lowest bottom of your trend screen and look how much higher all the rest of these should be they should all be much higher so what are the ranges of beta low beta is 13 to 15 Hertz if it's over the motor strip it changes its name to sensory motor rhythm and that was identified by very Sturman back in the late 60s early 70s beta 15 to 20 Hertz is cognitive processing why did I pick that realm you'll hear people give beta the call it beta one look at all kinds of other names why do I fit pick 15 to 20 because the best people neural imaging who are working on this that's the frequency they identified from their lab work as being related to cognitive processing you don't have to take my word for it I didn't get it from a workshop it's in Meehan and Bresler 2012 it's an which is an overview of what everything we knew by 212 about cognitive processing in EEG high beta 20 to 30 is muscle tension mostly EMG why would I say such a thing I know there's so many of you out there who want to believe that twenty to thirty is not EMG you hope for it you get excited when you see gamma or think your training gamma you believe you want to believe that it's gamma but we have a problem that there's published research that refutes that with the met al 2007 do not take my word for it read the research evaluate it yourself guy at al 2011 put gamma as being in the range of 30 to 80 Hertz and I didn't put that in here I got because I put usually EMG but get the latest giant I'll read it yourself leading researchers 20 to 80 Hertz but in that 20 to 80 Hertz we have a lot of problems a lot of that is the territory of dirty electricity of lying noise of EMF waves and of muscle tension so gamma is highly tainted so if you think it's bad trying to read 20 to 30 Hertz that's real gamma is even harder you need good lab equipment to do this now somebody's really relaxed you might get some 20 to 30 Hertz to get gamma they have to be really relaxed and you have to have good equipment and excellent connections and hopefully as we go through this you'll appreciate why those connections have to be so perfect and most of you are not that good at that you don't own a lab and you don't own the equipment you don't own the software to filter it out if that's the case I think you're in danger when you assume that you're getting 20 to 30 Hertz or gamma in your EEG so just in case you think with them at all is just something that I'm mentioning here's the research it's published clinical neurophysiology peer-reviewed they injected people with a drug that made their whole muscle system go limp and when they did that subject after subject all the EEG from 20 Hertz and above dropped out disappeared for the most part with high quality lab equipment in a laboratory setting so when I say the 20 Hertz and above head map I usually considers EMG that's why you can't trust beta Marvin's right now what is the role of gamma we have gamma hysteria for a couple of years here gamma is going to save everybody gammas going to teach you to be a enlightened yogi and guru can make your meditation perfect gamma is going to do this gamma is going to do that gamma is an intermediary waveform as well as we know theta cos gamma there's a relationship between them there's a whole body of research on this there's whole books on it that you can read but the main concept here is that there's a communication between the memory system and theta and the gamma system and why is that there because the gamma system triggers 15 to 20 Hertz in human beings it has slightly other functions in lower mammals but in us social beings it triggers the 15 to 20 Hertz range activity it specifically selects areas of the cortex to trigger that precipitates cognitive processing and the gamma quickly dissipates because it has to go away so it can trigger new cognitive processes so it's to leave coming and going in flashes and this research goes all the way back to Nunez and his book on neocortical dynamics published in 1996 he had already seen that but we've got decades of research supporting that to the point where by 2012 Meehan and Bresler saying majority the research is telling us this so once gamma dissipates beta continues as what we call a metastable Network it's ephemeral it's there typically for a hundred seconds or so but it can endure it can go on for an hour or longer depends on what that network is processing what kind of stimulus is in the environment and the person's arousal and other features of their physiological status so this is the role of gamma in relationship to beta as far as we know if you're hearing other things wild stuff most of us probably mythology or stuff that people's making up if you really want to know and you have doubts that's good always good to doubt read the research you've got it cited here and I'm happy to send it to you if you need it beta amplitude ranges now this is really crucial when we're looking at trend screens and I know Rob Metris a lot of people in he hears all the same things I do we talk about it quite a bit typically the amplitude of beta that you'll see that could possibly be valid on a trend screen is between 1 and 15 micro volts now that's a very broad range and the upper and lower ends are very rare you're hitting up the four and five standard deviations on the end of the tail up there the typical normative range for beta is around five to six micro volts now if you've got your sensors down around t3 t4 t5 t6 or even f7 f8 it's going to be a little bit lower maybe about microvolt lower because the voltage drop between your ear clips and your active leads smaller and if you're not sure what I just said you want to go up and look at the video on artifacts when we discuss about amplifiers and stuff like that voltage drops okay so the typical clinical range for beta is between 4 and 8 micro volts the majority of the people you're training are going to have beta in that range when it gets higher and lower you're getting into some pathology there significant pathology once you get over 8 microvolt you should be starting to doubt the beta you're seeing if you see that that beta line go over 8 microvolt you want to look at your high beta is your high beta up there or higher that suggests you're getting muscle tension that muscle tension that you might not have seen at the beginning when I talked about it that beta can show up more easily if you're using for instance a new mind software it's a CMG on either side and once that EMG gets up to 3 micro volts are higher you're picking up muscle tension because that's the first line of defense that muscle tension is looking at the filters between 30 and 60 Hertz and it's measuring the voltages there and saying oh these are getting high we're getting subharmonics or we're getting dirty electricity or muscle tension so the minute you get above 8 microvolt start getting suspicious typical EMG range is 8 micro volts to 30 micro volts or higher so you'll see that in the EMG meters on the left and the right now when you get above 8 micro volts you saw well this goes up to 15 what's between 8 and 15 you will see people with major seizure disorder severe attentional deficit speak with a lot of slow wave activity that will have compensatory beta that could be as high as 10 or 12 micro volts thank up higher than that you know you'll see that in kids sometimes you know you really need to look for the muscle tension it's false stuff in case you were a little murky about that here is the typical range of EMG signal here and we're seeing this is the tibia and we're seeing a muscles down the leg muscle I assume and we're seeing somebody tensing it 50% and you can see that the majority of the frequencies here's the frequencies 0 to 500 Hertz the majority here is around 100 a little lower you got some drop-off the 200 the the mean EMG generally for the human body is around 180 cycles a second right yeah under Navy Hertz one hundred and sixty Hertz somewhere in that range for a lot of other muscles as you get up higher in the body it can get dropped down so here we have somebody who's tensing up and here's 60 Hertz version line voltage and then you can see the muscle tension dropping off and it's going below 20 Hertz it can go as low as 13 Hertz so when you're getting that sharp kind of biphasic pattern in the EEG that sawtooth and nature sharp on the edges and it's steady when you're seeing that there's a good chance it's muscle tension so you look at your EMG meters are they showing EMG 3 micro volts are higher you've got it if they aren't showing three micro volts are higher if you're seeing that pattern and it's not trying to be mighty volts or higher and your bait is going up to 10 micro volts or higher you might start wanting to think I might have electricity dirty electricity getting in to my computer and into the leads I'm getting line noise in which case you can pick up your amp off the desk and if it goes away you know it's lying noise put it down you're near a noisy source the other thing if it's getting into your computer from the wall socket you can unplug your computer and the lines should get cleaner so those are two ways to check if you're getting lying noise pick your amp up put it down unplug your computer plug it back in see if it if it changes now we have subharmonics and again if you're not familiar with that concept refer you to the lecture prior one that's on my youtube channel and here you can see the subharmonic here's t3 and t4 this person is clenching the jaw I know it's not lying noise because that would affect the entire head this is localized and it's an area where you would expect to find muscle tension where people clenched their jaws it's close to those jaw muscles at t3 t4 easily picks it up okay the the muscle is putting out millivolts it leaks into the amplifier it overwhelms the amplifier and then it leaks into filters and sub filters going down the beta range even down to low beta so you can see here's the muscle tension is pretty high here that it's two standard deviations are higher here you can see in the beta here's the sub harmonic it's leaking into these beta filters not so bad on the left so it's not as high on the left you know they're not clenching the jaw as much on the left or clinching it more on the right and it's higher on the right and it may even be leaking down into alpha it can if the voltage is high enough it can leak down into alpha if you're clutching your jaw hard enough you can leak it all the way down to two theta it can affect and that would be sub harmonics you're getting it's not the beta it's it's off and there's a lot of different sub harmonics that your muscles generate so here's the pattern right here there's the beta there's 60 Hertz forty look at all this noise I hope you can appreciate how easily it is for muscle tension at this point to overwhelm the gamma filters and the high beta filters and give you false readings very easy there's big muscle testing you can really see that right there's two locations in the temporal region quite strong and that's the classic pattern you see here's somebody training I mean this is outrageous that's why I use this I rarely see anything this high but here's somebody this is high beta look at this going up like that 40 microvolts 30 if you look at that and you're like that's not real I mean that's way above ten tens way down here so I look to my mg filter and there it is 20 micro volts of EMG this person is you can't scrunch up your face muscles or your shoulder muscles which can produce mg you can't do any of those things strong enough to get that kind of voltage deflection to get that much EMG you gotta have either horrific line noise or they gotta be really clenching their jaw and a lot of people do so that's big jaw that's fallen II beta totally phony and you'll see that's the high beta notice the beta here's at around 15 so the sub harmonics in our system that the filters are pretty strong so it doesn't translate easily so once you get that much voltage the filters start blocking it out but still here's 15 microvolt you know that beta is not real that's phony beta this alpha son a good radical yeah yeah but what's interesting here that I don't see but oftentimes you will see is when you have one skyed like that that's the less the left side so it's giving you a beta asymmetry that looks okay oftentimes what you'll see below that left side high beta is the regular beta on the left side is also up and not integrating causing a false read one way or the other depending on which size high you'll get it really false hi beta AC we take 1.2 or it's like down 0.67 or something like that so keep an eye on that as well when you're looking at the asymmetries yeah that will show up it depends on the subharmonics and the filter systems and the digital filtering that the software is using you would see that more often in brain master and less and ours it's it's it's you often see the beta much lower once it gets up to about 15 then the high beta if it gets high because the way that we filter things out but it's contaminating that beta but that's a good point Rob thanks for adding it in here's a low EMG session you can see this person's got betas down around for probably a sea of 3 yep three and a half it's a little bit that's pretty low that the alphas in a fairly normal range the alphas around nine or ten that's totally uh oh I take that oh that's the theta around nine or ten the theta is in normal range sorry the Alpha is much lower than it should be because the Alpha should be around nine in this case if you're looking at alphas around four this is an anxious person their alpha alpha suelo way low but it's nice to see their theta high when the deltas in a good range - it's coming that's a little high and they're not sleeping well so but it's coming down here and here's the high beta at five you know probably a little elevated but not much now here's another session where the Alpha still around five the Delta and theta came way down in this session and we maybe even be closer to the temporal lobe here in this yeah it says t3 t4 so we're doing temporal lobe knows the voltage difference between c3 c4 in the temporal lobe that's the voltage drop that's the amount of there's less voltage being collected between the ear clip and t3 then between the ear clip and c3 and so you have less voltage that's why you need to be very careful about not comparing locations against each other and the brain maps take this into account so you can see though that here the high bid is at five microphones here it's at 10 8 7 this is false beta here and it's elevating the beta here to seven six or seven you know that's phony because you know up here it's down at five this is a pretty clean spot c3 c4 is the area that gets least contaminated by all of this garbage t3 t4 is one in the area that gets most contaminated so you can see this person really carries a much lower level of beta and you can see that this is beta that's being compromised by muscle tension the high beta sit around nine eight in that range and that that filters in through subharmonics into the beta filters think it's up to six or seven so this is a case where you can see it more easily in brain master because the the subpar max-flow through the brain master digital filters more easily or any question on that it's a good example a good comparison and you can see this real easily again our system filters the stuff out a lot so it's easier to see in the brain master which is why I used it here you can see some ieg I made the the amplitude higher by hitting me the plus key and on the keyboard so that you would see it more easily so it looks a little sharper defined here but you can see where the jaws are really clenched there and then it calms down and then look how intense this is look at that high beta clenching the jaw look how it infiltrates it you can see pulses but continuous pulses and that's the jaw muscles pulsing and then good clench there's a strong steady clench it's really good to sit down with your equipment and hook up the t3 t4 and do this and then c3 c4 since your face your shoulders your jaw watch it look at it it's really good practice here's trapezius this is me just tensing up my trapezius muscles look how smooth that is and it's smaller it's not that rigid biphasic sharp think now hit here boom you can see it right away that rigid biphasic it's good to show you on different software's so that you get a sense of of how it the morphology can shift from software the software notice how high this beta is but it's arbitrarily bumping this stuff up you can see that look at here see it's much lower here you clenched hard here you clenched the shoulders here you can see that the energy filters down through the sub harmonics gets into the other frequency bands gives you false information and here you can see a nice sign way from a signal generator and then putting in different frequencies you see it they beat together and you get a complex waveform add more and higher frequencies it's more complex and pretty soon the line noise gets to the point where it's a mess like that and what are your sources of false beta printers Coke machines in the hall vacuum cleaners upstairs Downstairs air conditioners outside your window or on your roof routers can be in the walls transformers could be outside your window big green boxes standing outside your window mysterious boxes poor wiring in your walls if you're an old building radio station towers and you don't even know what they look like so how would you know they're there and IT closets yes quick question Adrian here so does this also lend to Wi-Fi networks and buildings because yes you know online sources for streaming video and is that is that something that could be affecting the line as well generally not it can't but generally not unless you're in the room right next to the router that's generating that they're usually the closer you get to router the more you can get it the way you can tell though is pick up your amplifier if it's coming from the router through the wall the noise will dissipate it's a good question remark to this yes maíam router for murrs routers new Transformers they're plugged into the wall and the Transformers create wide range five six seven foot terrible EMG electric noise good point that's good distinction it's Martin saying this actually the components in the router and not the waves the routers printing out they do effect as well but the major pollution we get into an EEG is from the transformer of the router right anything that's in and and that's the same thing with these other devices too it's transformers in the device that's doing it unless it's an electric motor and that's just the coils in the electric motor simulate some transformers it's it's the same type okay so and great question that Adrienne brought up because here's an example of a EEG and a port easy so there's a good one there you've got that kind of smooth waveform looks kind of nice and then there's that fuzzy waveform so this was the waveform that the person who was home training was getting they were in a building with old wiring and they had a router under the table and that was creating a field of what we call dirty electricity now if we does the lying noise partly from poorly grounded wiring if when she picked up her amplifier we saw that we knew right away what it was we said what's on your desk what's underneath your desk and then she moved to the other side the room and it stayed we said you need to train on the other side of the room so some of the things pick up your amplifier put it down pull out the plug on your amplifier plug it back in some good ways to check whether it's noise coming from electricity one of the things I want to say about bata is that data follows the other frequencies or actually the other frequencies sometimes follow beta you can go both ways in this case we're training one frequency down probably alpha or or theta it doesn't matter and you can see muscle tension dropping down right the yellow was up around 8 dropping down and then you can see the beta dropping down to where the muscle tension so we're getting less harmonics but the other frequencies as the person relaxes energy is coming out of these other frequencies and the whole thing's getting down to its baseline you'll commonly see people with high theta and Delta have higher than normal beta as they train the theta and the Delta comes down sometimes even alpha and you'll see beta compensating beta coming down and then it hits them hits its lowest natural level in that brain whenever that brain's energy level is and then these frequencies will start to distribute themselves more normally it's a pattern you often see with beta everything's coming down beta gets to its lowest level and then all of a sudden the other frequencies will start to go up a little again they'll start to rearrange themselves into a normative distribution well how do we know that because we've watched this pattern and then watched real-time z-scores and watched it unfold in real time so here's an example of a pre/post map you'll see this lots of times here's a lot of magnitude this lot of areas - standard deviations are higher in Delta Theta alpha and beta and then this person's theta and Delta was trained down now the Alpha followed it down typical and us the beta followed it down this is really typical in the old days people say are we over trained the brain it's like no thanks for playing that's not what happened after studying the matter for a couple of decades with brain maps what we realized is the brain is just normalizing its energy level with respect to the lowest largest output and there's a fair amount of compensation going on - so this is a good thing once that Delta gets down where this is more green this beta will start to come back up because this is inflammation it's stealing power from the beta once it goes down the beta will come up to a more normal range here's another example from a different year a different person same kind of pattern we're training we're using two channel training if you had any doubts it was effective you know here's pre-post map just a few months apart look at how that Delta came down theta came down notice that these look lower this is a low it's a low energy brain that had too much slow wave activity and when we got rid of that inflammation and reduction in blood flow we're starting to see the brain normalize and you can see how low the power is in it that will start to come back up as this Delta disappears so one of the things that robs the brain of energy just like the body is the is the inflammation in the interstitial layers of the tissue and that's coming from typically toxins in the body a lot of times in the gut originally for the most part is what we've learned so dysregulated guts dysbiosis and though toxemia will rob your brain of energy it's the most common thing that does that a lot of these kids with attention deficit that's what's causing it here we have again interesting case of beta compensation know this person has Delta kind of elevated and then this is a post concussion so this is before the concussion this is after the concussion notice how high the delta is that's diffuse inflammation and the Thetas diffuse in elevated causes reduced perfusion and that's a common pattern and notice that the beta is compensating the beta goes up this person has enough energy after the concussion for the brain start compensating it's trying to increase the signal-to-noise ratio it's trying to offset by activating more neurons and the dipole layers to offset the ones that aren't doing well so you're seeing that battle there right there 32 percent change from that percussion a concussion that's pretty good one here's an interesting version of anxiety this is severe insomnia you can see notice that the Delta get a little extra frontal Delta when they open their eyes here it is absolute power down here there then it comes up you know that's sleep problem and you notice here's the absolute power which should be magnitude for you guys it's amplified in the relative power that's like shifting up you can see that this person has got lots of data and muscle tension high beta muscle tension beta in the beta frequency some of this may be muscle tension too early on in brain mapping we often confused bate of muscle tension for beta anxiety shows up much more in beta asymmetry than it does in elevated beta it's a much more reliable measure here's somebody with mold this is a really common pattern we see with mold elevated diffuse beta slowed beta with a lot of coherence because that's well that's a whole nother topic how mold affects the body but this is what we would expect from the research it goes after the hypothalamus and destroys cells there which throws off endocrine function which suppresses immune function so here's um five years later beta they're not pulll lot better looks pretty much the same although the dominant frequencies improved that's good no no that was somebody who didn't get neurofeedback for five years here's an advance mold case as the immune system is compromised you can see that beta is lower but don't be fooled or this they're red they're green they're what's happening here is notice that the Alpha is slowing that's fast alpha their alpha is slowing it's getting high a lot of the a lot of the dipole layers are going offline so the beta the compensating beta at the beta it's compensating is starting to dissipate it's slowing down the Alpha slowing the brainwave slowing we're starting to see more slowing and theta this theta and alpha is probably mostly slowed alpha this person is suffering serious physiological inflammatory processes and the next thing that's going to happen is the Delta is gonna be red and yellow it's a loss of energy when we have inflammation and we're developing these problems the high frequencies drop out we don't have a mitochondrial power to drive the brain so what happens is a lot of it goes into idling we get reduced perfusion and a lot of inflammation and here we have diminished mitochondrial function so here's a classic attention deficit pattern low beta and/or high theta in relative power here you this is just elevated that's what we used to always call it back in the 90s that's attention look at that theta and turned out that that was reduced blood perfusion when they did the research that's what it was indicating here's another person diagnosed with ADHD but we're not seeing that high theater how come we are seeing a lot of beta here and a lot of elevated beta here but this is all green and someone's starting to turn blue some of that could be real beta could be but we're also seeing a lot of beta on the right that's anxiety our best measure and some alpha on left's mood that's suspicious it doesn't have the high theta this beta is an unusual kind of beta when we tested the person they were paying attention fine they got a hundred on the new mind test for attention and within normal range on the Tova there's their Tova now they do have an attention problem here but it's not in the severity range where you would typically give them the diagnosis of ADHD according to the Tova so first of all I want to point out this shows the validity of the new mind attention tests because it's only looking at attention and it shows you that a lot of these people getting diagnosed with attention deficit actually have a kind of beta called spindling beta and it is generally in the frontal lobes and it was Jay Dunkleman who really first identified it as related to features that people often labeled attention deficit and these people are often very emotionally labile they have a lot of beta on the right a lot of times a lot of alpha on the left and symmetry and they have that pattern that you see here a frontal beta particularly at F 3 F CF for you see that and everything else is green or in beta and everything else is green most of the time I say about 90% of the time if you looked at the raw EEG you were somebody who was good at morphology and trained in it you would see this beta spindling you can see that nice normal EEG line and then that spindle and it disappears and then that spindle comes back here and they dissipates and there it goes again and this by the way over here is that person's right eye flicking to the right it's flicking gently to the right and that's a neurological problem when I see that I started asking questions about head trauma so what we understand is that beta on the right I'm throwing this up there it's from another presentation at is an R just to show you there's lots of research on beta asymmetry and anxiety it's not something that I just pulled up and it goes along with the research on alpha asymmetry and depression and angles and Heller and their team over a period of from 1998 approximately up through this period here in 2007 and they're still working on it identified anxiety types relating to different areas left frontal beta tends to be more related to anticipate or anxiety about the future what if I do this and what if this happens and we all know what if the plane crashes but what if I can't pay my mortgage right frontal beta reactance and anxieties oh my god you dropped the Ming Vaz we are screwed you know and that goes into panic or oh no you know my uncle's here who physically abused me and I don't want to be at this party posterior beta rumination that's the why did I that's the 10 ways I hit I hate myself listed in Carnot behavioral therapy should ISM black and white thinking catastrophes ation there's ten of them you should know them if you're working in any of the fields dealing with people and depression and anxiety so those are the different places that anxiety show up in the head when it's real anxiety and what kind of anxiety is related to and that's pretty cool that we know that but the most reliable measure of anxiety is beta asymmetry in here you can see it that beta all that red on the right that should be on the left that's why the new mind database is set up for asymmetry that way the other databases aren't it's annoyed me for 20 years - I saw the research so we just said we're going to do a database work that really useful measure is really easy to see and so you can see it at a glance on the map Beit asymmetry anxiety if you're curious about the research behind that I have that information they are Ison are sometimes I actually they did do a video of me two years ago presenting on this subject so you can get that and there's an article that's written about it and published with statistics up on new mine journal website that's n mind journal calm n isn't new n mine journal calm and Martin has a nice article out there on sleep and there's some other good articles rob has some good case histories some other people have great articles on apnea and Alzheimer's and all kinds some pretty cool stuff shown up there beta goes in cycles and this confounds the heck out of everybody and I'll go over it but you really need to kind of think about it and look at it again and again it's a hard thing to get when you first get beta it's up on the right side sympathetic arousal I mean we first get anxiety and over Al's it's on the right side that's elevated norepinephrine most of the norepinephrine or the majority than Nora epinephrine pathways are in the right hemisphere I should say so that's where it hits first sympathetic arousal then we get this period where you get so much on the right that you start to get alpha on the left and you know you might want to think of this as dorsal and ventral activity in the polyvagal theory and then we get down to depression or we get alpha all on the left and we're in a state of withdrawal but the interesting thing is when the alpha all lines up on the left the beta does something unexpected rather than staying on the right it starts to migrate to the left it does it every time it does it consistently it is a rule of the brain check your Maps look at your is eyes your backs you'll see it it's there so brain goes to the cycle yeah mark please give us also the indication of time this this in in this happens over weeks months oh yeah absolutely thanks for bringing the door I didn't think about that as being an important thing to mention yes this happens generally over a long period of time now it can't happen in a day if you're I got with kid on medication and you're fooling with his brain with them and fat Amin methamphetamines and things like that but generally it's a slow process and we're capturing moments in time but it does a creep generally you get the the anxiety it couldn't take years before you get enough anxiety on the right where you start to get alpha on the left depends on your physiology and the status of your body and here are the consequences of toxic stress when you get to that point were you in chronic anxiety or anxiety with depression this is how it affects your life it affects your linguistic abilities your social-emotional skills how to interpret situations it interferes with developmental landmarks interferes with decision-making you make bad decisions problems with working in short-term memory behavioral self-regulation issues which the polyvagal people would say is the bottom line for all of it and mood and impulse control issues Shawn coffin Garner 2011 from one of the largest studies in history on human health and that's the ace study which you should all be familiar with okay we're getting close to out of time here I'll just try to wrap this part up I said it takes a lot of energy to produce beta that's because neurons take have a high demand for ATP which is what the neurons use to operate the sodium and potassium pumps that generate the electricity that you're measuring with your equipment diminished ATP comes from compromised mitochondria there in all your neurons those little mitochondria producing ATP that are your little energy factory so loss of high frequency shifts slow to fast wave ratio and increases idling and so when you're losing energy one of the things you see that beta may be high but once that alpha starts to come up with the high beta start and lose energy why because you're using your brain the wrong way you're using it too much you're overusing it it produces too much glutamate byproduct of using it too much it fails to get converted like it should be the glutamine that glutamate start is toxic to your cells it starts to kill them off that results in an influx of calcium into the cells this is the body trying to protect itself in different ways and when that happens the mitochondria try to absorb the calcium to defend itself to defend the neuron against the calcium influx and the mitochondria can't produce the ATP so then we have this excitotoxin model Wang McCallister 2010 which shows that leads to neuronal death and of course that inflammation now becomes lower perfusion elevated theta and a lot of inflammation Delta and then we get the oxidative stress model if you want to know more about this model done presentations on it again it's up on the new mine YouTube channel and there is paper written on it up on nline journal comm with statistics so this is not just idle observation here's another chronic anxiety notice we have the strong beta asymmetry but now we have diffuse elevated beta once you have this beta asymmetry long enough as martin was just pointing out it takes a while you eventually get this beta here because the whole brain is so over activated and this is when you start producing too much glutamate byproduct that you can't clear one of the reasons you can't clear because you can't sleep and here's that map that's showing you how the beta is elevated but starting to get a little depression and you can see that the thyroid is starting to get affected but they're getting a lot of headaches and insomnia and they're not sleeping well which is what we were saying was going to happen their adrenal activity is is going to be chronically elevated along with the anxiety and that will increase cortisol and produce a whole cascade of events which is undesirable they'll be engaging in the 10 nasty thoughts which are listed here is they're all at different ways we hate ourselves and that shows up as posterior beta so you'll want to look at that information and then when you look at your ISI you'll find that somebody with this kind of pattern chronic anxiety has elevated inhibited features elevated impulsivity elevated perfectionism diminished relaxed common patterns confirms from their self-report what you're seeing in the map ok we got to the end of it and anybody has any quick questions or comments you feel free yeah in regards to training whenever we're doing anything that involves a protocol that has a 15 to 30 down on the right side not necessary to put a 20 to 30 down on that side as well I'm assuming but then so we're so we're training 20 to 3 down on the left and then if we're doing a 15 to 30 down on the right not necessary to put that 20 to 30 no this yeah no not necessarily because you're dealing mostly with muscle tension and it's right biofeedback that you're doing there and if you ever hit paid or if you ever get the muscle tension down enough well then you will get at any residual 20 to 30 which would probably be a good thing right right and then just to follow up real quick on that neurotransmitter testing we've been doing a lot of it with our offices and finding a significantly high correlation with a lot of date asymmetry and issues and data with obviously the excitatory neurotransmitters is it your experience to have both the neurotransmitter you know supplementation as well as doing the neurofeedback work hand in hand or is there one that typically and I know this is a very childish but we tend to find out that if people aren't training really well within the first 10 sessions we recommend that they you know do a little bit of some replenishing of those specifically the compensatory neurotransmitters before doing catecholamine support but what's your experience with that I you know that's a really um the the people I've talked to like Susan Blanc who are doing that kind of work and I'm not doing that kind of work are taking that kind of thing into account and I think what you're doing is very interesting I don't know how many clinics are doing I hope you're collecting that data and keeping it and planning to crunch the numbers with it because it sounds like it's really good stuff but the major neurotransmitters do give us good information they're good to look at in you know I agree we were looking at the levels of them in or organic acid tests or we're looking at genetic polymorphisms and trying to compensate for them and looking at the maps I think that's rates an area we need a lot more work in my only statement would be just be aware that there's over 100 no transmitters and they're just the ones we can see the most and there may not always be a smooth correlation between the maps and the neurotransmitters I don't know if that answered the question that's my best answer I mean he makes it make plans we're just we're just seeing a lot of it and that's kind of why that's spur the question yeah I hope you're gonna share that with us at some point Richard I'll just make my cassettes cause we'd also do neurotransmitter testing in certain cases and you know I think that if you can help supplement some of those deficients or access neurotransmitter what's showing up sometimes you're using for point cortisol norepinephrine epinephrine so you can use some things to help the system out to make the neurofeedback perhaps to go more smoothly because if you're if you don't have the resources in the brain what you're talking about that's the question you're kind of is that you're giving them those resources so that they can start their stress we try to plug in mostly the substrates which is what we find is you know really helping out with using things like l-theanine even they may know in which the amino acids you know trying to get things convert over because a lot of times you have people that will put them on a supplement regimen and profile find out that the glutamate levels are coming up at the gap isn't that so we end up discovering that there may be a Gattu enzyme deficiency that's not helping you know things convert or so there's a lot more to it that we're trying to peel the onion back and finding out there's a lot of correlations and that's typically you know my kids and adults even my pro athletes and golfers that aren't training well we do neuro we do a twenty part neurotransmitter profile including sex hormones neurohormones and then off of the excitatory compensatory they're all over the place where that completely flattened out stage three adrenal fatigue and it's it's pretty you know they're there they're always the people that train the hardest or they have the hardest no training I should say good stuff I mean the bottom line is you need hope that will jumpstart the brain but sometimes the reason they can't get the neurotransmitters they have polymorphism for MTHFR and and they may be being undermined by endotoxemia or you know dysbiosis and you feed them that stuff and it helps but maybe you want to get down some more the bottom basic mechanisms if you can if it's possible the so they can sustain themselves without the cost of supplements yeah that's always our goal so it's kind of like the chicken or the egg yeah I mean it's always been I don't understand you know because obviously we know that they're not mutually exclusive but those neurotransmitters we it's hard to find out you know which which is driving what in a lot of cases so I always you know we'll try to do both we try to test a brain electrochemically which is what it is and we're trying to connect some dots but it's tough to do that because it's so dynamic yeah it is it is a great place to end this that you know it's a complex story which involves the whole body and if people are backsliding when you're doing this work it's time to call them a function functional medicine or integrated medicine people you know for backup because that's probably what you're dealing with most of the time okay well we should probably ended he