Lecture on Geriatric Syndromes

Introduction

• Geriatric syndromes are not diseases but a collection of problems or challenges faced by elderly individuals.
• These issues can accumulate, making life difficult for the elderly.
• The lecture will cover:
  • Geriatric health problems
  • Primordial, primary, and secondary preventions
  • Rehabilitation
  • National programs for elderly care

Importance of Healthy Aging

• Good health enhances quality of life.
• As the global population ages, enhancing healthcare for older people becomes essential.
• Aging leads to increased mortality and decreased reproductive capacity.
• Active aging: Optimizing opportunities for health and participation to improve quality of life.

Gerontology

• Study of physical and psychological changes in old age.
• Geriatrics: Care focus on preventing disease and promoting health in the elderly.
• Geriatric medicine includes preventive, clinical, rehabilitative, and healthcare services.

Demographic Trends in India

• Elderly population: 90.75 million (according to 2011 census).
• Life expectancy: 63 years for males, 66 for females.
• India is transitioning into an older population in the next 20-30 years.

Objectives of Geriatric Medicine

• Maintain health and maximize independence through early detection and treatment.
• Provide sympathetic care during terminal illnesses.

Risks to Elderly

• Susceptible to infections, injuries, psychological problems, degenerative disorders, disabilities, and increased mortality.
• Psychological issues are significant, including depression and social isolation.

Health Problems in the Elderly

• Due to Aging: Senile cataract, glaucoma, nerve deafness, osteoporosis.
• Long-term Illnesses: Degenerative diseases, diabetes, cancer.
• Psychological Problems: Depression, impaired memory, social maladjustments.

Prevention Strategies

• Primordial Prevention: Healthy lifestyle in youth to delay aging processes.
• Primary Prevention: Promote healthy aging, immunizations, injury prevention.
• Secondary Prevention: Team approach to avoid under/over investigation, non-invasive testing, and regular medication review.

National Programs and Support

• NPHCE: National Program for Health Care in the Elderly.
  • Focus on preventive, curative, and emergency care.
• Other programs: National Policy for Older Persons, Old Age Pension Scheme.

NGOs and Startups

• NGOs: HelpAge India, Age Well Foundation.
• Startups: IMOA Eldercare, Nightingale.

Key Takeaways

• Address psychological issues as a part of elderly care.
• Support and empathize with elderly patients to improve their quality of life.

Q&A

• Open for discussion and queries.