Structuring Statistical Analysis and Results Sections in a Scientific Lab Report

Introduction

• Focus on integrating data handling, statistical analysis, and data presentation skills.
• Applications: Lab reports and final year dissertation.

Statistical Analysis Section

• Length: Should be concise (3-4 sentences).
• Software: State the software used (e.g., IBM SPSS version 22).
• Procedure: Walkthrough
  • Describe the steps undertaken to decide which tests to apply.
  • Example: Data checked for distribution using Shapiro-Wilk test.
  • Parametric test (Paired samples t-test) for normally distributed data.
  • Non-parametric test (Wilcoxon signed-rank test) for non-normally distributed data.
• Significance Threshold: State acceptance threshold (e.g., p < 0.05).
• Flexibility: Adjust length for more variables but remain succinct.

Results Section

• Content: Simply state findings without explanations or background.
• Comparison and Findings:
  • Vertical Jump Height:
    • Significantly lower by 12.4% without arms.
  • 20 Meter Sprint Performance:
    • Significantly slower (time increased by 3%) without arms.
• Significance Support: Use p-values to support statements (e.g., p < 0.05).
• Presentation:
  • Refer to figures/tables (e.g., Figure 1a and 1b).
  • Ensure clarity with footnotes and significance indicators (e.g., stars).

Key Points

• Keep both sections short, succinct, and on topic.
• Clearly communicate the analysis process and results without unnecessary details.
• Properly reference figures and tables for clarity.

Summary

• Statistical analysis and results sections are crucial for lab reports and dissertations.
• Follow structured and clear steps to present your data and findings effectively.
• Ensure readers can easily follow and understand the presented information.