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What are the sources of carbohydrates mentioned in the lecture?
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Vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and whole grains
What are the sources of unsaturated fats?
Avocados, nuts, seeds, olive oil, vegetable oil
What is the primary energy source for the body?
Carbohydrates
What is the stored form of carbohydrate energy in the liver and muscles?
Glycogen
What does LDL stand for in the context of cholesterol?
Low-density lipoprotein
How much fiber is recommended for men daily?
38 grams/day
What is the role of fiber in the body?
Promotes healthy bacterial growth in the colon, helps stabilize blood glucose, and reduces the risk of various diseases.
What is the process of assembling amino acids to create proteins called?
Anabolism
Which macronutrient regulates blood glucose levels and insulin metabolism?
What is the role of cholesterol in the body?
Essential for cell membranes, vitamin D, hormones, and digestion.
What are essential amino acids?
Amino acids that must be obtained from the diet.
What is the difference between complete and incomplete proteins?
Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids, while incomplete proteins lack one or more essential amino acids.
Define nitrogen balance.
It is the balance of nitrogen intake and output in the body, which can be neutral, positive (growth, pregnancy), or negative (starvation, severe injuries).
What is the main function of protein in the body?
Tissue building, repair, immune function, and energy.
Where are saturated fats mostly found?
Animal products
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