Xylem and Water Transport in Plants

Jul 3, 2025

Overview

This lecture explains the role of xylem in plants, focusing on how water moves from roots to leaves through the stem, and includes a simple science experiment to visualize this process.

What is Xylem?

  • Xylem is a tube-like tissue responsible for transporting water and nutrients from the roots to all parts of the plant.
  • Xylem is part of the plant's vascular bundle, which is the plant's transport system.

How Water Moves in Plants

  • Water is absorbed by plant roots from the soil.
  • Water travels upward from the roots through the xylem in the stem.
  • The xylem delivers water and nutrients to the leaves and other parts of the plant.

Science Experiment: Observing Water Movement

  • Cut a stalk of celery or cabbage and place it in colored water.
  • Over time, colored water moves up the stem and into the leaves, visibly marking the xylem pathways.
  • This color change shows the path water takes as it is transported through the xylem.

Importance of Xylem Function

  • The movement of water via xylem is essential for plant survival, growth, and nutrient distribution.
  • Without functioning xylem, plants cannot transport water and would wilt or die.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Xylem — Specialized plant tissue that transports water and nutrients from roots to the rest of the plant.
  • Vascular bundle — A group of transport tissues (including xylem and phloem) in plants.
  • Transport system — The system responsible for moving substances like water and nutrients throughout the plant.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Try the celery or cabbage coloring experiment at home or in class.
  • Review plant tissue types and their functions for homework.