and here we are back again with the kallenberger farming family in this painting you'll have seen that the artist has included a lot of children and young children and young people were extremely important to the Nazi Party so when we're looking at this period pre-war and the changing lives of the German people we started looking at workers we looked at women last lesson this video I want to look at young people before we move on to persecute groups because young people were extremely important for the Nazis because the Nazis tried to control them and they tried to control them in lots of different ways and really the main two methods they tried to control them were through education and through youth organisations and both of these really their purpose was to try and create new Nazis new Nazis who conform to the German state have followed their ideas in education this man here Bernard rust was the Minister for education and he was in charge of controlling education for all the German people at the time and he had a phrase that the whole function of Education was to create Nazis and you can see that in the work that he did and the Nazis really tried to create and control education through three different methods firstly through controlling teachers secondly through controlling schools and thirdly through controlling the curriculum they tried to control teachers strongly and only teachers who would follow Nazi orders were allowed to remain teaching in state schools so anyone who was even slightly in opposition person wasn't allowed to be teaching in a state school anyone who was a Jew wasn't allowed to be teaching in a state school only teachers who would follow these Nazi orders were allowed to remain and in fact even the Nazis set up their own teachers League and by 1936 97 percent of teachers were members so basically all teachers at this time were members of this group this Nazi Teachers League and then the Nazi Teachers League taught these teachers about ideology and about what they should be teaching kids so they controlled the teachers they also try to control the schools they their own schools no polar or military schools were run by the SS and the SA to provide a military education so to provide new people for the army another Hitler schools were aimed to create future leaders of the party these new types of schools weren't actually that successful though by 1939 just over 6,000 students were schooled at only 16 Nicola and 10 adult Hitler schools so they weren't really very successful what Nazis were very successful with is controlling the curriculum and the Nazis really controlled what people were taught so school kids as they do to this day had a timetable but the lessons looked very very different and the content of those lessons was very very Nazi fide and I think that's the easiest way of putting it so for example in history all of your education would have focused on the struggle between nations it would have focused on the parts of history that really emphasized German superiority it would have taught you about the Aryan race and it would have taught you about strong leadership so the Nazis chose the bits of history that suited the message that they were trying to get across the same happened in geography in geography people were taught about the chitlin need for labor and calm that term we've used before living space and they would talk about new lands that should have belonged to the Germans in biology students were taught hugely about race and we'll look at race in the next video and the students were asked to measure the faces of non Aryan children such as Jews in mathematics students were often given puzzles and calculations to do that what everything was obsessed with Nazi ideas say for example they could be given a mathematical problem to work out the cost of keeping a mentally ill person alive in an asylum as you can see this was drastically different from the curriculum that you might have in schools today where this curriculum its entire purpose was designed to get kids to agree with the Nazi message that Nazi message wasn't just limited to their school life was also limited it was also focused on youth organizations and the Nazis really tried to control the your time of young people at there in Germany in the late 1920s the Nazi submarine youth organization it was called the Hitler Youth and you can see a picture of it here there are different sections for girls and boys for young boys young girls and older boys and older girls in a very very similar way at the scouts today but the big difference was rather than Scouts where you just go and have fun in the Hitler Youth you to go and have fun but you'd also have massive amounts of political ideology thrown at you we're gonna use a term political indoctrination these people were trying to brainwash these young people at first in Germany membership had a hit the youth was completely voluntary however after 1936 it was made compulsory and after 39 it was made compulsory to had to attend meetings so basically all young people had to go to this organization after 1936 it was the only organization which young Germans could access sport facility and activities so any other youth clubs would close down and the only organization they could join him as the Hitler Youth as a result a lot of people did attend these activities that were put on let's look at what they did and they were very different for boys and girls for boys the emphasis was hugely on military preparation they'd gone on camps and they'd go marching and the emphasis was hugely on your physical strength they were taught how to fire guns so in some respects lots of kids actually quite liked it because they were quite fun these activities you also had to take part in those rallies that we talked about in the previous video so you can see in this rally here to Hitler Youth are carrying their flags at Nuremberg and lastly they were taking on holidays and camps so actually a lot of these activities were quite fun and people wanted to take part in them but they also at the same time had a huge amount of political indoctrination as part of their activities as you can see from these photos the key thing for boys was to build these into strong Germans who'd want to take part in the army for girls quite different there was still an emphasis on physical strength and physical witness and there was a lot to do with gymnastics and running and things outdoors but Ferger 'ls as well there was other activities they were also they also put a propaganda up around towns now the boys did this as well but the girls often did a little bit more the girls were also taught huge amounts about becoming mothers and about order and strictness so as you can see here for girls really the focus was on becoming a mother and becoming a mother in the German state so as you can see all of this education youth activities everything was focused on making kids and young people join up with that Nazi ideology and follow along with what they were told everything was about control the extent to which this worked is questionable most young people did go along with it because as you can see some of these activities look quite fun but young people in the same way they are today are always quite cynical and some people didn't join in and some people thought it was boring and didn't want a part of it or even that evil either way this was a massive change for young people in Germany and the 1930s saw a huge amount of control that they'd never seen before