Back to notes
What are the key anatomical structures involved in blood flow between the heart and the body?
Press to flip
Arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, capillaries.
Why should high-flow oxygen be avoided if unnecessary in cardiac patients?
Excessive oxygen can lead to oxygen toxicity and has not been shown to significantly improve outcomes in certain cardiac patients.
Name the main arteries supplying blood to the heart.
Right coronary artery and left coronary artery (with left ascending, descending, and circumflex branches).
What is the significance of the aorta in the circulatory system?
It is the first artery that sends blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
What are common risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease?
Age, heredity, hypertension, obesity, lack of exercise, smoking, high cholesterol.
What immediate actions should be taken for a patient experiencing Acute Coronary Syndrome?
Primary assessment of ABCs, history taking, baseline vitals, EKG setup, oxygen administration, and following protocol for medications.
Name the four chambers of the heart.
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.
What is the primary function of the heart?
To pump blood through the body.
What are the symptoms of heart failure?
Fluid buildup, pulmonary edema, pitting edema, jugular vein distension.
Describe the initial treatment steps for someone experiencing a myocardial infarction.
Ensure ABCs, early transport, administer medication such as aspirin, consider nitroglycerin under medical control.
Describe the use of CPAP in cardiac emergencies.
CPAP may be used to treat pulmonary edema by helping to push fluid out of the lungs and improve oxygenation.
Describe the symptoms typically associated with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
Chest pain or discomfort, radiating pain to jaw, arm, neck, or upper abdomen, dyspnea, nausea, vomiting, syncope, sweating, abnormal pulse, feeling of impending doom.
What differentiates angina pectoris from a myocardial infarction?
Angina pectoris symptoms are typically relieved by rest, while myocardial infarction symptoms persist.
What is the purpose of performing an EKG on a patient with cardiac symptoms?
To monitor the heart's electrical activity and help diagnose cardiac conditions.
What are the symptoms of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)?
Pulsating masses, back or abdominal pain, the urgent need for rapid transport and minimal handling.
Previous
Next