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Chapter 19 Analysis of To Kill a Mockingbird

Jun 1, 2025

To Kill a Mockingbird - Chapter 19 Lecture Notes

Key Characters and Events

  • Atticus Finch

    • Calls Tom Robinson to the stand.
    • Uses questioning to reveal Tom's character.
  • Tom Robinson

    • Described as gentle and caring.
    • Helped the Ewells with small tasks due to proximity.
    • On the day in question, was asked by Mayella Ewell to help.
    • Testifies that Mayella made sexual advances toward him.
    • Fled when Bob Ewell discovered them.
    • His testimony is consistent and unshaken by Mr. Gilmer’s cross-examination.
    • Responds to Mr. Gilmer’s questioning about helping the Ewells by stating he felt sorry for Mayella.
  • Mayella Ewell

    • Invited Tom inside the fence multiple times.
    • Made sexual advances toward Tom.
  • Bob Ewell

    • Saw Mayella and Tom together, prompting Tom to flee.

Significant Themes and Analysis

  • Tom Robinson as the Mockingbird

    • Represents innocence and vulnerability.
    • His kindness and selflessness are evident through his testimony.
    • His sincerity casts doubt on the Ewells’ testimony.
  • Racial Prejudice

    • Tom's pity for Mayella is seen as insulting due to racial dynamics.
    • The trial highlights racial tensions and biases.
  • Character Dialogue

    • Demonstrates honesty or deceit of characters.
    • Tension is created as truth battles against prejudice.

Dill’s Reaction

  • Dill begins crying during Mr. Gilmer’s cross-examination.
  • Scout and Dill leave the courtroom.
  • Dill is upset by Mr. Gilmer’s treatment of Tom.

Literary Devices

  • Use of Dialogue
    • Highlights the character’s integrity and intentions.
    • Contrasts Tom’s sincerity with the Ewells' dubious statements.

Overall Impact

  • The chapter intensifies the narrative tension, as it becomes clear that justice may not prevail due to racial prejudices. Tom Robinson’s role as the mockingbird underscores the themes of innocence, vulnerability, and racial injustice in the novel.