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Lenin and Stalin's Complex Relationship

Apr 27, 2025

Lecture Notes: Relations between Lenin and Stalin

Introduction

  • The lecture discusses the relationship between Lenin and Stalin, focusing on documents and statements by Maria Ulyanova, Lenin's sister.
  • These documents were first published in the USSR in 1989 during perestroika.
  • Yu Murin and V. Stepanov prepared these for publication, providing context from a 1926 joint plenum of the Central Committee and Central Control Commission of the A-UCP(b).

Context of Discussion

  • The opposition, including Trotsky and Zinoviev, accused the Central Committee (CC) of hiding Lenin's letters.
  • Lenin's letters critiqued party leaders and were used against Stalin by the opposition.
  • Ulyanova's statements were created to clarify Lenin's relationship with Stalin and were appended to the plenum's stenographic report.

Key Points from Maria Ulyanova's Statements

  • First Statement:

    • Denies any rupture between Lenin and Stalin.
    • Asserts closeness between Lenin and Stalin, both politically and personally.
    • Highlights Stalin's frequent visits and intimate tasks assigned by Lenin during his illness.
  • Second Statement:

    • Delves deeper into personal and political relations between Lenin and Stalin.
    • Stalin valued for his organization and work ethic.
    • Lenin trusted Stalin with intimate matters, including a request for potassium cyanide if he became paralyzed.

Incident with Nadezhda Krupskaya

  • Stalin criticized Krupskaya for discussing politics with Lenin against doctors' orders.
  • Led to Lenin demanding an apology from Stalin.
  • Event highlighted as personal rather than political.

Differences between Lenin and Stalin

  • Lenin criticized Stalin's approach to the nationalities and Caucasian questions.
  • Lenin was dissatisfied with Stalin’s refusal to send money to the Menshevik Martov.
  • Despite political disagreement, Lenin still valued Stalin’s role as a practical worker.

Stalin's Rebuttal

  • Stalin's response to Lenin's demand for an apology shows misunderstanding rather than malice.
  • He maintained his duty was to protect Lenin's health as per doctor's instructions.

Conclusion

  • Lenin's opinion on Stalin was complex, valuing his work but wary of his behavior.
  • Documents suggest Lenin wanted Stalin removed from the position of general secretary, which was not widely distributed.
  • The lecture provides a nuanced view of their relationship, countering Western narratives about Trotsky being closer to Lenin.

Additional Notes

  • The lecture contextualizes historical narratives and personal dynamics within Soviet leadership.
  • It challenges previously held notions about Lenin and Stalin's relationship, suggesting more personal closeness than typically acknowledged.