[Music] but before we do that let's quickly go over the homework inshaallah so everyone is able to mark what they've done to see if it's correct so we stopped here last time this was the homework and this and there's a reading exercise on the next page but you will start here about read and write with correct vowelization of the endings of the word so this is to test us to see if we understood the concept of yeah and nida funny when this half comes into a noun or it comes before a noun we take off the tongue so osterdon becomes us so this is the first homework and i've written the homework out to just to save time so here we have the words i've written out yeah ali you yeah so so i keep the tanuin there's no reason for me to take off the turin so but with the air before it it becomes yeah does not have anything before it and this yeah is part of the word it's not the yeah which is added this yeah is part of the name so yes because the next piece of homework was to construct questions similar to this but referring to these objects is what's unknown so we've replaced it with man there is a fam man whose book is this so we need to construct similar questions referencing them to these objects here i've written it out already so all i'm going to do is place adama here because it's mud of right off does not have tenuring so man who is pen is this man so this was the writing homework then we had a reading homework on the next page and the reading homework was to test us um to see if we are able to implement this rule of hamza to wassel if it's at the beginning or you're beginning the word you read it if it's in the middle you skip it so if we understand that let's read this exercise title is read the following while taking care of the principles of pronouncing the hundreds of us [Music] [Music] why is he taking one of them and not two dumbest because this is muddaf it's file and at the same time it's the doctor's son left left from where men albeit from the house the doctor's son left from the house next one is also joomla the merchant's son went to went to the supermarket he went to the market next one is alone the engineer's name mohandisi the engineer's name is feysol and the doctor's name the doctor's name is masrud ismal mohandisi fair [Music] i'm not reading the alif here and i'm not reading the hamsa to russell so i'm going from meme to scene with one dhamma because it's what's the name of the man what's the man's name what's the man's name whose son are you whose son i am the son of the minister i am the minister's son anab here the alif is not stretched anna anna so this was the homework from last lesson now inshallah the first the second the third the fourth the fifth ad the sixth lesson in this lesson inshallah we're going to be learning a few things from them is this word here this word says which means this it means this this is the feminine version of head what we learned in lesson one the ismu is in lesson one this is the feminine version for her so this is translated into english the same way we translate hada except that the only difference is that harvey is used to point out objects that are feminine feminine objects whereas others for masking objects the rest of the conditions are the same we mentioned three conditions for using heather which was it has to be singular and it has to be close the third condition is what differs differentiates havihi from hada and that is for her they have to be masculine but for heavy has to be feminine objects that are feminine and we mentioned this previously in the first lesson that nouns can be categorized in terms of gender into two modakar or mudakar masculine feminine so if we're pointing out objects we say if we're painting our objects which are feminine we say so this is what we need to know here and in terms of spelling it's exactly the same there's an alif which is pronounced after the ha but it's not written just like heather we pronounce the alif after her which is not written and it's not written the same here we pronounce the alif by stretching the hair but we don't write it okay so what's going to happen is we're going to read the passage inshallah and translate and then after we're going to come back and shall explain the rules and the concepts that we need to come out with from this lesson inshallah this is what we're learning he's the feminine of heather what have you been to yasirin and this is yasir's daughter ibn who is this and obviously you're going to be pointing at someone who is feminine who is this and we're talking about someone who's feminine this is the mohandas's sister the engineer's sister is she also aidan means also is she also an an engineer is she also an engineer an engineer feminine engineer because of this edition of tamar bhutto which we're going to explain inshallah turns this engineer to a feminine one so mohandis a female engineer is she also an engineer no she is a doctor previously we learned now we're learning so what do you think the difference between tabi bun and tabi batun is this edition of ta made feminine tabi batun is a feminine doctor no she is a doctor she's not a mohandi satun she's not a female engineer she's not an engineer she is a doctor a doctor obviously you're talking about a female doctor so we have the this additional ta which is called we're going to explain this inshallah is she also an engineer no she is a doctor next s whose car is this this is the same construction that we did in the previous homework except that we changed the ismu to have instead of hazard before it was because the thing we're pointing out is feminine so we need to use a suitable ismalishara feminine also whose car is this this is the headmaster's car the teacher's car or the director's car mahavihi what is this who does this belong to li shows possession who does this belong to for who is this who does this belong to this belongs to khalid belongs to this belonging we get the meaning from the lamb the islam this lamb here comes to show possession or belonging this belongs to khalid and they're talking about something which is feminine which is who does this belong to we didn't say le manhatta because we're referring to the thing which is feminine this belongs to khalid the raja means bicycle is this anas's bicycle means new but if you're talking about something which is feminine with the addition of time is and it turns it feminine this bike is new the one that belongs to ammar whereas the raja to anna's in anna's bike is this is ali's watch here it is beautiful very beautiful actually here jamie la tunji it is it is very beautiful the watch this is a spoon and this is a pot the spoon is in the pot the spoon is in the pot peder is a pot mil akka is a spoon this is a nose and this is a mouth we have to try and memorize these words inshallah before next lesson here he said for these two body parts he said here he's saying this is and this is a hand yad is a hand and this is a foot here here this is a foot and this is a foot so yadon so now we've read the passage let us now derive the rulings from this passage the first thing that the author wants to teach us in this lesson is firstly that nouns are divided into two types in terms of gender we have nouns which are masculine and nouns which are feminine and this applies to all nouns whether they are indicating a living being or non-living beings if it's a living being that we're talking about then the differentiating the gender is very easy the issue is how do you differentiate the agenda of non-living things because we're saying non-living nouns also they have gender how do we differentiate between non-living the gender of non-living things how do they how do we know their gender well the author here in this text he teaches us that one sign of a feminine noun the sign of a feminine noun is let me write that down captioning not available so we have two types two types of ties this is ta marbouta when do we use this when do we use this firstly this time alberta only comes at the end of nouns you never see in the beginning or in the middle of the noun it's always going to be in the end but when do we use this one when do is this one we use this one if the letter is either one of these six alif dal oh wow one two three four five six six letters if these six letters come at the end of the noun and we have to choose one of these then we're going to put this one the reason why i put this one is because this one does not join so these six letters never join with the letter that comes after it which is why we use this one the closed one whereas this one with the tail extending allows for joining so anything other than these six we use this one if these six come we use this one that's the only difference between the two it's just writing it's exactly the same so is an indication that a noun is feminine so we have this word this word is feminine what's the indication that is feminine this one why because ra does not join with the letter after it okay another one that we learned in this lesson means spoon it's feminine what's the indication of it being feminine at the end we use this one why because it joins kaf is not from d6 means and so on and this tamarbota can sometimes be added onto a noun to make it feminine like how we used mohandis in the in the text we had mohan this one referring to an engineer if we wanted to make it feminine what we do is we add the tamarbota but before adding the tamar butter so here we have muhammad this one with tamwin before adding tamarbota you need to give the last letter which you're adding the tamar butter you need to give it a fatah always you always give the letter before the time unless the letter before the ta marbouta is an alif if it's an alif it's not going to accept fatha because alif is always saking so it's going to remain the same anything other than alif you always give it a fatah so mohandis is the feminine version of this where is this one engineer and the same teacher masculine feminine then we have tabi bun tabi batun is the masculine is a feminine version and the list goes on and we had in the sentence also means standing but this is referring to someone that's feminine something feminine is standing fatun if he was masking and then we had jayali sun jayalis was talking about someone who is masculine sitting if you want to make it feminine what do we do take off the tanween change the scene into a father and then add the marbuuta and that's where you see the ja le saturn and that's where you see the the tanu it comes on to the tamar butter jelly satun and the list goes on so one way of identifying a noun being feminine is this is a general rule general rule means that there's going to be some exceptions so there's some exceptions where a noun might have a but it's still masculine it's not feminine yeah the first exception is if you see ta marbouta on a masculine name on a man's name if you see them is obviously going to be indicating a masculine because it's he's a masculine like for example hamza this is a masculine's name hamza okay so we can also turn nouns which are masculine to feminine and this is mostly descriptive words like muhammad s we either have this version of this version added to the end and that's where tamar both appears only at the end we use this version if the letter does not join and the letters which do not join are six anything other than d6 we use this one and before attaching the timer we need to make sure that the last letter here has a fatah and we always give it father unless it's a alif alif will not accept anything so for example we have this word that's going to come michelle in this book fatan means a young boy a youth fatha this type of this is an alif this type of alif if it comes in the middle we're going to add something after it then it will change and it will become the long alif like this now it becomes like this so i'm adding tamar butter which time or do i add this one or this one this one right because alif does not join so i leave it like this so in this case do i give the alifa no i don't because this is alif we said alif is exception so tamar bhutta will always have fatha before it unless an alif comes before it if there's an alif in his second a young girl father okay so sometimes we can also do it to nouns like ibn ibn means a son we can add tamar butter to it and it becomes ibn means daughter and then there's another general rule which is every body part everybody part that comes that comes in pairs is feminine is also feminine this is another rule a general rule yeah body parts that come in pairs they are also feminine so that means body parts that don't come in pairs are masculine so the hand the hand do they come in pairs yes we have two hands so this is why we say this is a hand why because everybody part that comes in pairs is feminine same with ridgeland foot we have two two two feet yeah they come in pairs region this is a foot why because it's feminine it comes in pairs and the same for eyes but body parts which don't come in pairs like the nose that's why in the text when he was reading we said the anfon when he was talking about the nose because it's masculine it does not have a pair either and phone will have their family whereas here we said heavy because all of these come in pairs so this is another general rule body parts that come in pairs they are feminine why are we saying this is a general rule because there's going to be exceptions as you'll find out most rules they have exceptions so here for example had don cheeks a person's cheek is masculine even though we have two cheeks so hud even though you have two pairs of cheeks they are masculine still so the every rule most rules you will find that they are exceptions yeah some have many exceptions some are few exceptions also names of countries places tribes names of countries uh tribes or places and so on they're going to be feminine also so then we have nouns which don't have any signs there are some nouns which don't have any signs at all like peduron doesn't have any sign there's no tamar there's not there's no sign to indicate that this word is feminine or masculine these kind of words we just have to memorize that's why in the list of new words we have a section for identifying whether the word is masking or feminine and we just have to memorize okay so if this is understood inshallah we are going to explain the next matter the next matter is the fact that the muppet and the habbar they always match in gender and number this is if the hubbard is one word we mentioned that there's going to be different types of harbor right so for example look her is going to be our muppeter must match in gender always so if we had have he is one worded it is always going to match with the muptada in gender this mother mother is this is something that we have to understand from this point onwards even though i've mentioned it previously but from here you have to memorize this rule okay so for example if we wanted to say albeito the house we want to say the house is clean the house is clean how do we say clean albeit the house is clean okay i want to say the car is clean how do i say the car is clean now the phone no i can't say nothing because now the phone is masculine describing something uh masculine to be clean i have to make it feminine how do i do that so the fire has to take a father then i admit now the pha ton of the photon this makes sense the hover match in gender feminine feminine the last matter that we have to take out from this lesson is the author he mentions in this passage that we just read another way of showing position another way of showing position so far we've learned a way of showing possession so we could say this belongs to khalid how did i show possession by applying the rules of mudafu khalid's pen it belongs to khalid kalam khalidin another way of showing position is adding this lamb this lamb with a kasra bringing it before the possessor so in this case this is the the one who owns it bringing this lamb before it will show that it belongs to him this lamb li is a heart jar this lamb is a harf jar okay what does half jar mean it makes the noun after it madhur it makes the noun after end with kasra kasratin we've taken this before so this is another half jar that came in this lesson where did they come in this lesson we read it here leman who does it belong to liha liddin this belongs to khalid li khalidin belongs to khalid okay this pen is khalid's this the pen of khalid belongs to khalid khalid this pen belongs to khalid another way of showing position is using this lamb this lamb is a heart of jar when he enters a noun it makes it maduro ends with a kasra kasratin this is the final point that we need to take out from this lesson so if we said lee who is this means for who is this and who does it belong to layman and i'm pointing to a pen i said li man li man who does this belong to for who is this so i think we've explained everything in this lesson to summarize as we like summarizing inshallah and this is what everyone should do at the end of the lesson if you're able to summarize the lesson then you've understood the lesson if you're not able to summarize the lesson then you haven't understood the lesson okay to summarize in this lesson we learn havihi have he is the feminine version of hada the difference between havi and hada is that hadi is used for feminine objects the rest of the conditions are exactly the same as hada so it has to be singular it has to be close the final condition this is for something which is whereas for something which is that's number one secondly every noun has a gender masculine or feminine if it's a living being yes it's easy to differentiate between masculine feminine we look at the physical organs and if it gives birth and so on it's feminine otherwise it's masculine if it's living beings non-living beings in arabic also have gender how do you differentiate between mudakal mannath in that case a bit tricky however there are some rules one rule is if it ends with the tamarbota then it's feminine this is a general rule if a word ends with ta marbouta is feminine also body parts that come in pairs they are also feminine body parts that come in pairs are also feminine also names of countries names of tribes names of villages and so on these are also feminine these are also feminine and then there are nouns which are feminine but there's no signs these have to be memorized they have to be memorized also what we learned in this lesson is that the more the muktada and the khabar they have to match in gender if the if the hubbard is one word if the hubbard is one word it has to match with the mutated engender doesn't make any difference in the main sentence so this is what we're talking about bint is has to be intuitive if we said it would not make sense same here where is it when we were talking about the bikes nam that's masculine you're talking about something just feminine and describing it with masculine features that's wrong so this is also something we have to take away from this lesson and the final point is lam islam we need to add it to our list of allah we need to add the islam to that uh uh collection of words they are from the huroful what's the meaning of this lamb it comes to short position something belongs to someone lee khalidin for how do you translate in english for either khalid this pen is for khalid belongs to khalid and so on finally homework first piece of homework to read and write so this is testing your reading and writing ability in this section what's new in this means fridge tala jato means fridge is a female teacher but in the context here i think it's referring to madras so this could be madras so these are the three new words in this section i'm just mentioning it so it's easy for you to do your homework babe that's the first piece of homework second piece of homework is you need to ask questions regarding these objects are you going to say mahada you're going to say determine uh based on the gender it is either you're asking using mahada or mahavi what is this the translation is the same in english but obviously in english it doesn't take into consideration the gender okay so i think all the words here tala jatun we mentioned in the previous page means fridge this is a window also in the previous page nafidatun everything else i think we've taken so we should be able to do this homework then we have homework number three read the example and construct sentences similar to it the example says in gender mode then he's changed them up to that made it feminine i mean now we're saying i'm in as a student as a student now amin is a student we can't say i'm in a taliban because it won't match in gender so we need to say i mean so we need to apply that rule that we we mentioned adding to the end of the word but remember the letter before it has to take a taliba tone and you need to apply the same thing to the rest of this and i think all of these words are things that we've already taken means tea is tea is correct the following sentences create the following sentences so some things in this sentence are incorrect you need to correct them and that extends to the next page then the final piece of homework is and then next lesson we are going to go over them to new words i'm not adding there there should be therefore to their mouth and so on because it has alif lam i share you referring to tea tea the mother to fridge describing something to be fast and window means very very and another word which came in this which is not mentioned here is a bun foreign