Overview of Endocrine Disorders Management

Sep 10, 2024

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Lecture on Endocrine Disorders

Introduction

  • Professor D covering endocrine disorders.
  • Topics include:
    • Diabetes Mellitus
    • Diabetes Insipidus
    • SIADH
    • Cushing's
    • Addison's

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Diabetes Ketoacidosis (DKA)

  • Question: Which order should a nurse immediately question?
    • Answer: IV infusion of D5W.
    • Rationale: Patient in DKA, high blood sugar, D5W (dextrose) not suitable.
    • Correct actions:
      • IV infusion of potassium chloride.
      • Administer sodium bicarb if pH < 7.2.
      • Administer insulin per protocol.

Diabetes Management During Stress or Illness

  • Monitor glucose and ketone levels frequently (every 3-4 hours).
  • Continue anti-hyperglycemic agents.

Signs of Improvement in DKA

  • Moist skin and skin turgor < 3 seconds indicate improvement.
  • Incorrect indicators: dry mucous membranes, low potassium, abnormal ABG levels.

Advocating for Diabetic Patients

  • Contact social workers for clients unable to self-administer insulin.
  • Type 1 diabetics require consistent insulin administration.

Elevated Growth Hormone Levels

  • Least likely nursing diagnosis: Disturbed body image due to undergrowth.
  • Correct diagnoses involve polyuria, sleep disturbances, and communication deficits.

Diabetes Insipidus Management

  • Monitor INO, administer desmopressin, perform daily weights.
  • False actions: monitoring glucose like diabetes mellitus patients.

SIADH

  • Restrict fluids to 800-1000 ml/day.
  • Avoid head elevation above 10 degrees.
  • Do not administer vasopressin or hypertonic solutions.

Diabetes Insipidus Symptoms

  • Primary symptom: polyuria.
  • Differentiated by lack of ADH, causing excessive urination.

Myxedema Coma Management

  • Prioritize: oxygen, replace fluids, warm patient, give thyroxine.

Positive Trousseau's Sign

  • Associated with hypocalcemia, visible with a BP cuff.

Conclusion

  • Further coverage of endocrine disorders on request.
  • Additional resources available at nexusnursinginstitute.com and on social media.